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2022 Vol. 9, No. 3
Published: 2022-06-09
 
271 Research progress on the effects of amino acid and its transporters on tumor cells and T cells
1Zhang Zheng,2Qin Liqiang
Metabolic reprogramming is a marker of malignant tumor and can inhibit the activity of immune cells and promote the progress of tumor cells. Tumor metabolism reprogramming is important for tumor cells and immune cells. Amino acid metabolic reprogramming is one of the important steps in tumor metabolic reprogramming. On the one hand due to the high demand for amino acids tumor cells will upregulate the expression of amino acid transporters and accelerate the uptake of amino acids for their own rapid growth. On the other hand tumor cells can also utilize the metabolites of special amino acid metabolism such as tryptophan metabolism to promote the expression of immune evasion related proteins such as programmed death protein-1 in immune cells to promote the immune evasion of tumor cells. For T cells the uptake of amino acids can also be increased by upregulated the expression of amino acid transporters during the proliferation differentiation and immune response of T cells and the immune function of T cells will be enhanced. To understand the important role of amino acid metabolism in tumor metabolic reprogramming and provide the basis for the immune enhancement of cancer patients we review the role of amino acids and their transporters in tumor cells and T cells.
2022 Vol. 9 (3): 271-275 [Abstract] ( 147 ) HTML PDF (1921 KB)  ( 130 )
276 The effect of obesity on immunotherapy for cancer
1Fang Ruoxin,2Yan Ling,1Liao Zhengkai
Immunotherapy brings hope to cancer patients but the clinical outcome of cancer immunotherapy monotherapy or combined therapy is not ideal. Screening the dominant population is an important means to improve the clinical benefit of patients and reduce clinical complications. With economic development the proportion of obese people in China and the world is increasing which has become a public health problem. There is growing evidence that obesity may affect the efficacy of immunotherapy and it has become an effective feature for screening immunotherapy -beneficial populations but the mechanism remains unclear. The 􀆵 obesity paradox refers to the fact that obesity leads to immunosuppression and promotes tumor progression in preclinical studies via chronic inflammation the creation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment disturbance of adipokines secretion and reduction of beneficial bacteria in the gut microbiota but the clinical studies show that obese people can benefit more from immunotherapy. In order to provide research directions and theoretical basis to explore the real impact of obesity status on the efficacy of immunotherapy in the future and to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy we reviewed the impact of obesity on the efficacy of immunotherapy from both clinical and preclinical studies and proposed possible explanations for the 􀆵obesity paradox .
2022 Vol. 9 (3): 276-282 [Abstract] ( 271 ) HTML PDF (2453 KB)  ( 728 )
283 Interpretation of Guidelines for nutritional treatment pathways for adult patients in China nasogastric tube
1,2Wang Yu,3 Liu Ming,1, 2Jiang Hua
The main physiopathological mechanisms of malnutrition are disorder of digestion and absorption and stress-induced hypercatabolic state. Nutritional therapy is one of the essential treatments for critically ill patients. Enteral nutrition EN is the preferred route of nutritional support therapy. Proper EN significantly reduces infectious complications and better controls the blood glucose results in decreased organ failure and surgical intervention rate. EN may improve outcomes in these patients. Nasogastric tube as a simple bedside technique with low medical cost non-invasive simple and economical is the preferred way for short-term <4 weeks enteral nutrition. However improper use of nasogastric tubes can also lead to complications such as nasopharyngeal irritation ulcers bleeding catheter prolapse or blockage reflux and aspiration pneumonia. This article interpret the guideline on route of nutrition for Chinese adult patients covering the indications for nasogastric tube the use of prokinetic drugs the selection of nasogastric tube bore and the positioning of nasogastric tube are explained so as to provide the latest evidence-based medical evidence for the selection and rational application of nasogastric tube.
2022 Vol. 9 (3): 283-286 [Abstract] ( 307 ) HTML PDF (991 KB)  ( 556 )
287 Interpretation of Guidelines for nutritional treatment pathways for adult patients in China nasointestinal tube
1,2 Li Ting,1,2 Jiang Hua,3 Liu Ming
Malnutrition is common in hospitalized patients especially in critically ill and cancer patients. Malnutrition can lead to further deterioration of the patient's condition prolong the length of hospital stay and even increase the risk of poor prognosis. Therefore nutritional support for these patients is very necessary. Enteral nutrition is the first choice for malnourished patients with normal gastrointestinal function. Enteral nutrition has been widely used in clinical practice because of its physiological and cost-effective advantages. Nasointestinal tube is an important means of establishing enteral nutrition access for adult patients. It is commonly used in patients with high risk of aspiration dysphagia dysphagia and severe traumatic brain injury after gastrectomy. Parenteral nutrition through the nasointestinal tube has the advantages of safety and fewer complications. Many clinical trials have also confirmed that the establishment of nutritional route through the nasointestinal tube is very safe and effective. Enteral nutrition via nasointestinal tube not only helps the patient's bowel movement and provides the nutrients needed by the body but also rapidly establishes an enteral nutrition route to increase the patient􀆳s energy intake thereby improving the prognosis. Recently the Nutritional Access Group of Chinese Society for Oncological Nutrition and Supportive Care released the Guidelines for Nutritional access for Adult Patients in China. The article summarizes the evidence and interprets the recommendations in the nasointestinal section of the guideline.
2022 Vol. 9 (3): 287-292 [Abstract] ( 341 ) HTML PDF (1646 KB)  ( 720 )
293 Interpretation of Guidelines for nutritional treatment pathways for adult patients in China surgical jejunostomy
1,2 Li Dihuan,3 Liu Ming,1,2 Jiang Hua
Early enteral nutrition is very important for surgical patients especially patients with upper gastrointestinal surgery. Early surgical jejunostomy is a form of enteral nutrition. Patients with digestive tract surgery can receive intraoperative catheterization and enteral nutrition can be given early after operation. There are tunnel jejunostomy Witzel jejunostomy Roux-en-Y jejunostomy needle catheter jejunostomy open stomach perform jejunostomy and laparoscopic surgical jejunostomy techniques. For patients undergoing esophagectomy parenteral nutrition has many complications and is not conducive to the recovery of digestive function after operation and it is recommended to establish an enteral nutrition therapy route for intraoperative jejunostomy to give nutrition therapy. Likewise abdominal surgery patients may also receive a jejunostomy tube during the procedure. For patients with pancreaticoduodenectomy a nasoenteric tube is more suitable than a surgical jejunostomy. For patients with severe malnutrition before surgery or who need radiotherapy and chemotherapy after surgery home enteral nutrition can be performed through jejunostomy to improve the quality of life of patients. This review mainly introduces the latest progress from the aspects of surgical jejunostomy technology and indications.
2022 Vol. 9 (3): 293-297 [Abstract] ( 234 ) HTML PDF (1006 KB)  ( 378 )
298 Consensus of Chinese experts on exercise therapy for cancer patients
Chinese Society of Nutritional Oncology Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation Beijing Association of Oncology
The morbidity and mortality of malignant tumor are increasing in China the integrative oncology treatment strategy has become more and more important. As a part of integrative oncology treatment strategies exercise therapy has been confirmed its crucial role in the prevention and treatment of malignant tumor. Exercise can not only affect the tumor microenvironment inhibit or reverse some metabolic pathways but also prevent cancer occurrence by reducing the risk factors of tumorigenesis. The anti-cancer effect of exercise is reflected in many outcomes. It can reduce the risk of tumor metastasis and recurrence and improve the prognosis of tumor patients. Exercise can also improve the efficacy of anti-cancer therapy and reduce related side effects relieve tumor-related symptoms and improve the quality of life of patients. Risk assessment and exercise test are required before the implementation of exercise therapy to screen patients who can be subjected to exercise therapy. In particular based on four elements of FITT frequency intensity time and type the formulation of individual exercise prescription should also consider heterogeneous patients with different types and stages of malignant tumors and perform dynamic monitoring and adjustment in follow-up treatment. At present the practical scheme suitable for physical activity of tumor patients in China still needs to be further explored to make it suitable and maximumly beneficial for malignant tumor patients.
2022 Vol. 9 (3): 298-311 [Abstract] ( 574 ) HTML PDF (1205 KB)  ( 647 )
312 Expert consensus on the nutritional diagnosis and treatment of appetite loss in cancer patients
Chinese Society of Nutritional Oncology Medical Nutrition Industry Branch of National Association of Health Industry and Enterprise
Cancer patients often have decreased appetite due to the influence of disease factors and treatments methods such as surgery radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The lack of nutritional intake caused by decreased appetite may result in malnutrition and cachexia which in turn reduces the tolerability and efficacy of anticancer treatments leads to decreased quality of life and severely affects prognosis and survival of cancer patients. Accurate evaluation of patient􀆳s appetite and combined with nutritional risk screening and nutritional assessment during the course of the disease can identify the patients at nutritional risk as early as possible and give individualized nutritional support which is beneficial for improving appetite and nutritional status preventing or delaying the progression of the disease course and increasing treatment tolerability. It is of positive significance to improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients. In order to standardize the nutritional diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients with decreased appetite and improve the treatment effect this expert consensus is presented based on the existing research findings at home and abroad combining the expert opinions and clinical experience to elucidate the definition and mechanism of loss of appetite in cancer patients and provide appetite assessment tools such as anorexia / cachexia subscale appetite and symptom questionnaire and appetite scale and then give nutritional recommendations for cancer patients with poor appetite. We hope that the consensus release can improve the identification evaluation and nutritional treatment of cancer patients with decreased appetite by clinical medical staffs and clinical nutritionists and increase the clinical benefits of the patients.
2022 Vol. 9 (3): 312-319 [Abstract] ( 543 ) HTML PDF (1512 KB)  ( 1133 )
320 Protective effect of methyl nutrient containing betaine on kidney in patients with diabetic nephropathy and hyperhomocysteinemia
1Zeng Yaochi，1Li Cuiyu，1Song Xiaoli，2Yuan Rui，3Ge Na，1Wei Wenting
Objective To explore the effect of betaine-containing methyl nutrients on renal function and urinary microalbuminuria MA in patients with diabetic kidney disease DKD accompanied by hyperhomocysteinemia HHcy . Method Sixty-four patients with DKD and HHcy were recruited from Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital between September 2019 to January 2021. They were randomly divided into methyl nutrient group n = 21 and folate methylcobalamin group n = 32 . After 16 weeks of intervention the differences in blood glucose blood lipids renal function and MA and other indicators between the two groups were studied. The treatment effect was represented by intention-to-treat analysis. Result Compared with the folate methylcobalamin group urea nitrogen UN serum creatinine Scr uric acid UA cystatin C Cys C homocysteine Hcy urine creatinine UCr MA β2 microglobulin Uβ2 -MG N- acetylglucosaminidase NAG total urinary protein TP -U and urinary albumin / creatinine ratio ACR were significantly decreased in methyl nutrient group containing betaine. The increase of estimated glomerular filtration rate eGFR and folic acid FA in estimated glomerular filtration rate in the methyl nutrient group containing betaine were better than the folate methylcobalamin group with significantly significant differences. Conclusion HHcy may be one of the factors affecting the renal function of patients with T2DM. The reasonable application of betaine-containing methyl nutrients can reduce Hcy levels effectively protect renal function and reduce MA levels.
2022 Vol. 9 (3): 320-327 [Abstract] ( 186 ) HTML PDF (1106 KB)  ( 157 )
328 The real-world study of enteral nutrition timing after esophagectomy of ERAS
Yu Yuan， Li Yong， Kang Ran， Meng Yue， Wang Nuoxiaoxuan， Liu Xinzhe
Objective To compare the effect of different timing of enteral nutrition for esophageal cancer patients after enhanced recovery after surgery in the real world. Method A total of 102 esophageal cancer patients after enhanced recovery after surgery were chosen by convenience sampling in thoracic surgery department of a hospital in Beijing from April 2002 to April 2021. 51 of them received enteral nutrition 2-6 h after totally awake after surgery 2 h group for short 51 of them received enteral nutrition 24 h after operation 24 h group for short . R language and Matchlt were used for propensity score matching. We compared the gastrointestinal function the thirsty status the nutrition status the incidence of the adverse reaction and complications of the two groups. Result A total of 51 pairs of patients were matched finally. There was no statistical significance between them P>0. 05 . The first time of exhaust and defecation after operation of 2 h group were shorter than those of 24 h group P<0. 05 . The scores of TDS and NRS were less than those of 24 h group P<0. 05 . The levels of serum albumin was higher than that of 24 h group P<0. 05 . However the difference of adverse reaction and complications between two groups was no statistical significance P>0. 05 . Conclusion Giving enteral nutrition 2 -6 h after totally awake after surgery for esophageal cancer patients could promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function thirsty situation and nutrition index with good safety.
2022 Vol. 9 (3): 328-332 [Abstract] ( 216 ) HTML PDF (992 KB)  ( 205 )
333 Predictive value of control nutritional status for recurrence and metastasis in HER2-positive early breast cancer patients
Irina, Xue Laiti, Paizula, Zhang Chenguang,Xu Wenting
Objective To investigate the predictive value of controlling nutritional status CONUT as a marker of recurrence and metastasis in HER2-positive early breast cancer patients. Method A total of 154 HER2-positive early breast cancer patients who underwent surgical resection and trastuzumab treatment in Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2012 to October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. CONUT score was calculated according to the lymphocyte count in peripheral blood serum albumin and total cholesterol level. The cut-off value of CONUT score was identified by the receiver operation characteristics curve ROC curve and all patients were divided into high CONUT and low CONUT group based on the cut-off point. The comparison of baseline characteristics between the two groups was performed using Chi square χ 2 test or Fisher exact test. The Kaplan-Meier curves were plotted and the correlation between CONUT score and recurrence-free survival RFS of breast cancer patients was determined by the univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Result The ROC curve showed that the best cut-off value of CONUT score for predicting recurrence and metastasis of breast cancer patients was 2. 5 with an AUC value of 0. 689 95% CI 0. 577-0. 801 . All patients were divided into high CONUT ≥3 points and low CONUT <3 points group according to this cut-off value. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that the 5-year RFS of the two patient groups were 69. 7% and 86. 9% with a significantly statistical significance χ 2 = 8. 001 P= 0. 005 . Subgroup analysis further demonstrated that CONUT ≥3 were significantly associated with recurrence and metastasis of breast cancer patients irrespective of TNM stage stage I 5-year RFS 80. 9% vs 96. 9% χ 2 = 7. 946 P= 0. 005 stage Ⅱ 5-year RFS 45. 6% vs 68. 2% χ 2 = 4. 589 P = 0. 048 . The results of univariate and multivariate Cox analysis indicated that tumor size HR= 2. 184 95%CI = 1. 062-4. 492 P= 0. 034 lymph node metastasis HR = 2. 739 95%CI = 1. 283-5. 847 P = 0. 009 as well as CONUT score HR = 2. 513 95%CI = 1. 196-5. 280 P = 0. 015 were independent risk factors for recurrence and 肿瘤代谢与营养电子杂志 2022 年 6 月 9 日第 9 卷第 3 期 Electron J Metab Nutr Cancer, Jun. 9, 2022, Vol. 9, No. 3 ·333· metastasis in HER2-positive early breast cancer patients. Conclusion CONUT might be a predictor of recurrence and metastasis in HER2-positive early breast cancer patients and it might provide important clinical guidance for cancer surveillance and individualized treatment.
2022 Vol. 9 (3): 333-339 [Abstract] ( 211 ) HTML PDF (2152 KB)  ( 250 )
340 Study on probiotics combined with prebiotics to prevent the incidence of acute radiation enteritis in patients with cervical cancer
1Chen Xiaoli，2Rao Hui，3Lang Chunhui，4Liu Huawen，5Cheng Yu，2He Yan
Objective To explore the effect of probiotics combined with prebiotics in reducing the incidence of radiation enteritis in patients with cervical cancer. Method From November 2019 to November 2021 82 patients with cervical cancer who received radiotherapy for the first time from Three Gorges Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing University were randomly divided into control group and observation group depending on the way of nutrition. The control group was treated with routine treatment and basic nursing and the observation group was treated with probiotics and prebiotics on the basis of the control group. There was no difference in age pathological type and cervical cancer stage between the two groups all P > 0. 05 . Before and 7 days after radiotherapy compare the inflammatory factors interleukin-1 IL-1 interleukin-6 IL-6 tumor necrosis factor-α TNF-α number of bowel sounds immunoglobulin level immunoglobulin G IgG immunoglobulin A IgA immunoglobulin M IgM the incidence of radiation enteritis and the incidence of severe radiation enteritis were compared between the two groups one week after radiotherapy. Result Before radiotherapy there was no significant difference in the levels of inflammatory factors immunoglobulin and the number of bowel sounds between the two groups all P > 0. 05 7 days after radiotherapy the levels of inflammatory factors IL-1 IL-6 TNF-α in the observation group and the number of bowel sounds in the observation group were lower than those in the control group and the levels of IgG IgA and IgM in the observation group were higher than those in the control group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant all P < 0. 05 . 7 days after radiotherapy the incidence of radiation enteritis and severe radiation enteritis in the observation group were lower than those in the control group P < 0. 05 . Conclusion Probiotics combined with prebiotics can reduce the incidence of radiation enteritis in patients with cervical cancer.
2022 Vol. 9 (3): 340-344 [Abstract] ( 211 ) HTML PDF (998 KB)  ( 375 )
345 Effects of nutritional intervention on nutritional status and physical and psychological healthy states in head and neck cancer patients under radical chemoradiotherapy
1Zheng Yan，2Wang Kongcheng，3Xu Lei，2Wang Juan，4Wang Shu′an
Objective To explore the effects of nutritional status and physical and psychological healthy state in head and neck cancer patients with nutritional interventions by dietitians. Method Seventy-two patients with head and neck cancer admitted to Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Tumor Center from June 2018 to December 2019 were selected. According to the elimination criteria there were 61 patients randomized to either the control n = 29 or the intervention group n = 32 finally. The control group was treated with the general nutritional intervention method. In the intervention group patients adopted with diagnosis and treatment model of nutritional intervention by dietitians. Then the nutrient intaking nutritional indexes the degree of pain and quality of life were compared between the two groups. Result The energy and protein intaking of the two groups were decreased but the intervention group was better P<0. 05 . In terms of pain psychology and quality of life the VAS and GAD-7 and KPS scores of the intervention group were better P<0. 05 Except for C-reactive protein the indexes of weight skeletal muscle serum total protein and serum albumin in the intervention group were better P<0. 05 . Conclusion In the treatment of head and neck cancer the mode of clinical nutrition support diagnosis and treatment mode involving dietitians may help to alleviate the deterioration of patients' the physical and psychological healthy states in addition it may also has advantages in improving the indexes of nutritional status.
2022 Vol. 9 (3): 345-349 [Abstract] ( 219 ) HTML PDF (1005 KB)  ( 181 )
350 Prognostic nutritional index in patients with advanced colorectal cancer treated with fruquintinib third-line therapy
1Qiu Ping，1Tang Xi，1Xu Yanhua，2Zhang Liang，2Qiu Hong，2Dai Yuhong
Objective To investigate the prognostic value of prognostic nutritional index PNI in the advanced colorectal cancer patients who received the fruquintinib as third-line therapy. Method From November 2017 to June 2020 33 patients with advanced colorectal cancer were selected from Jingzhou Central Hospital and Tongji Hospital Cancer Tongji Medical College Affiliated Huazhong University of Science and Technology. PNI prognostic nutritional index PLR platelet lymphocyte ratio and LMR lymphocyte monocyte ratio were calculated. Cox proportional hazards regression models and Kaplan-Meier curve and Log rank test were used to evaluate the impact on survival. Result According to receiver operating characteristic ROC curves the cut-off value for PNI was 46. 95. The result of univariate analysis showed that PNI HGB NLR and LMR were significantly correlated with overall survival OS . Multivariate analysis showed the PNI was independent prognostic factor of OS. The one-year survival rate and the median overall survival for PNIlow patients were 9. 894% 95%CI = 8. 300-23. 566 and 6. 700 months 95%CI = 5. 524-7. 876 while the one-year survival rate and the mOS for the PNI-high patients were 42. 218% 95%CI = 22. 496-46. 378 P<0. 05 and 11. 400 months 95%CI = 6. 123-16. 677 P<0. 05 . The median progression free survival mPFS for PNI-low and PNI-high patients were 2. 200 months 95%CI = 1. 278- 3. 122 and 3. 067 months 95%CI = 1. 095-5. 039 P>0. 05 . Conclusion PNI could be a useful prognostic indicator for advanced colorectal cancer patients who received the fruquintinib as third line treatment.
2022 Vol. 9 (3): 350-356 [Abstract] ( 274 ) HTML PDF (1841 KB)  ( 288 )
357 Bibliometric analysis of researches on refeeding syndrome based on Web of Science
1An Ran，1Luo Yuan，1Liu Meizi，2 Chen Wenfeng
Objective To analyze the current status hot spots and frontiers of research in the field of re-feeding syndrome-related studies. Method The Web of Science core collection database was used as the data source to retrieve relevant literature on refeeding syndrome since its establishment until December 31 2021 and Citespace and VOSviewer were used to analyze the countries journals authors and keywords of relevant studies. Result A total of 755 relevant papers were included with an overall increase in the number of publications year by year with the United States the United Kingdom and Japan being the key countries in this field. The identification of risk factors for refeeding syndrome clinical manifestations preventive management and treatment are current research hotspots. Anorexia nervosa patients critically ill patients hospitalized patients and adolescents constitute the study population. Among them mortality risk factors and management of critically ill patients are at the forefront of research. Conclusion Research on refeeding syndrome in China still requires significant development including the development of unified screening criteria evidencebased exploration and clinical practice to serve as a reference for clinical practice.
2022 Vol. 9 (3): 357-362 [Abstract] ( 217 ) HTML PDF (1410 KB)  ( 327 )
363 lncRNA DRAIC promotes proliferation and metastasis of lung cancer cells by inhibiting miR-223-3p
1Wang Xiansheng，1Yu Hongyan，1Guo Xiaoyan，2Hou Fengyan
Objective To explore the regulatory effect of lncRNA DRAIC on miR-223-3p and its effect on proliferation and metastasis of lung cancer cells. Method The expression of lncRNA DRAIC in lung cancer tissue and paracancer tissues and its relationship with prognosis and survival time of 90 patients with non-small cell lung cancer were analyzed by TCGA data from January 2019 to June 2020 in Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering. The expression of lncRNA DRAIC and miR-223-3p in lung cancer tissue was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction RT-qPCR and the correlation of Pearson was analyzed. Starbase prediction and double luciferase test were used to verify the targeting relationship of lncRNA DRAIC to miR-223-3p. The lentivirus-packaged lncRNA DRAIC and miR-223-3p lentivirus plasmids were transfected into lung cancer cells A549 and H520 respectively and were divided into control group si-NC group si-DRAIC group pcDNA group pcDNA-DRAIC group DRAIC+miR-NC group and DRAIC+miR-223-3p group. The ability of cell proliferation migration and invasion were detected by MTT assay and colony formation test scratch test and Transwell chamber test respectively. RT-qPCR and western blot method were used to detect the expression of mRNA and protein of JAK2 and STAT3. The tumorigenesis experiment in nude mice was used to detect the development of transplanted tumors. Result TCGA data showed that the expression level of lncRNA DRAIC in lung cancer tissues was higher than that in paracancer tissues and the prognostic survival time was negatively correlated with the expression level of lncRNA DRAIC. Compared with the paracancer tissues the level of lncRNA DRAIC in lung cancer tissues increased and the level of miR-223-3p decreased and the levels of lncRNA DRAIC and miR-223-3p showed a negative correlation. The level of lncRNA DRAIC is positively correlated with tumor size TNM stage lymph node metastasis and differentiation P<0. 05 . There is a binding site between lncRNA 肿瘤代谢与营养电子杂志 2022 年 6 月 9 日第 9 卷第 3 期 Electron J Metab Nutr Cancer, Jun. 9, 2022, Vol. 9, No. 3 ·363· DRAIC and miR-223-3p and the overexpression of lncRNA DRAIC inhibits the expression of miR-223-3p P<0. 05 and can upregulate the levels of mRNA and protein of JAK2 and STAT3 promote cell proliferation increase scratch healing and the number of invaded cells and promote the growth of transplanted tumors P<0. 05 . And miR-223-3p can partially reverse the malignant phenotype of lncRNA DRAIC on lung cancer cells. Conclusion lncRNA DRAIC promotes the proliferation migration and invasion of lung cancer cells and the development of transplanted tumors in vivo by inhibiting miR-223-3p and it may play a role by activating the JAK2 / STAT3 signaling pathway
2022 Vol. 9 (3): 363-373 [Abstract] ( 245 ) HTML PDF (16776 KB)  ( 13 )
374 Effects of enteral and parenteral nutritional support on immunity and intestinal flora in patients undergoing colorectal cancer
1Wang Yue，1Liang Feng，1Ma Haiyan，1Wu Xueliang，2Zhang Wei，1Guo Fei
Objective To investigate the effect of postoperative parenteral and parenteral nutritional support on immunity and intestinal flora in patients with colorectal cancer. Method A total of 90 patients with colorectal cancer who were treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Northern University from January 2019 to May 2021 were selected. All patients were divided into a control group and a research group by random number table method with 45 cases in each group. The control group was given parenteral nutrition intervention and the research group was given enteral nutrition combined with parenteral nutrition intervention. The nutritional status CD cells immune proteins intestinal flora levels and clinical indicators before and after intervention were compared between the two groups. Result There was no significant difference in the levels of serum total protein TP serum albumin ALB transferrin Tf hemoglobin Hb and body mass index BMI between the two groups before the intervention P>0. 05 after the intervention the levels of TP ALB Tf Hb and BMI in the research group were significantly higher than those in the control group P<0. 05 . The levels of CD3 + CD4 + and CD4 + / CD8 + in the two groups before intervention were not significantly different P>0. 05 the levels of CD3 + CD4 + and CD4 + / CD8 + in the research group after the intervention were significantly higher than those in the control group P< 0. 05 . There was no significant difference in the levels of IgA IgG and IgM between the two groups before the intervention P> 0. 05 after the intervention the levels of IgA IgG and IgM in the research group were significantly higher than those in the control group P<0. 05 . There was no significant difference in the number of Lactobacillus Bacteroides Eubacterium Bifidobacterium Coccobacillus and Escherichia coli between the two groups before the intervention P>0. 05 after the intervention the number of Lactobacillus Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium in the research group was significantly higher than that in the control group and the number of Coccobacillus and Escherichia coli was significantly lower than that in the control group P<0. 05 . The eating time anal exhaust time and hospitalization time of the research group were significantly lower than those of the control group P<0. 05 . Conclusion Enteral nutrition combined with parenteral nutrition support can effectively improve the cellular and humoral immune function of the colorectal cancer patients regulate the intestinal flora improve the clinical indicators and promote the postoperative recovery of the patients.
2022 Vol. 9 (3): 374-379 [Abstract] ( 194 ) HTML PDF (1016 KB)  ( 445 )
380 Application of prognostic nutritional index in the prognostic evaluation of patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Zhong Yangrong， Lu Songhua， Yang Changgang
Objective To investigate the clinical value of prognostic nutritional index PNI for predicting the survival outcome of non-small cell lung cancer NSCLC patients. Method The clinicopathological information and survival data of 150 NSCLC patients who underwent surgical resection in Haian Hospital from January 2017 to January 2019 were retrospectively collected and the PNI value calculated as peripheral blood lymphocyte count× 5+ serum albumin level. Receiver operator characteristic ROC curve was used to determine the optimal cut-off value of PNI. Kaplan-Meier curves were plotted and multivariate Cox regression analysis were conducted to determine the prognostic significance of PNI for NSCLC patients. Result ROC curve showed that the optimal cut-off value of preoperative PNI for predicting overall survival OS of NSCLC patients was 42. 6 and the area under curve AUC value sensitivity and specificity was 0. 766 95%CI = 0. 605-0. 928 73. 3% and 77. 8% respectively. Based on the threshold of preoperative PNI all patients were divided into high PNI ≥42. 6 n = 108 and low PNI group PNI<42. 6 n = 42 . By comparing the general information and clinicopathological features between the two groups we found that preoperative low PNI <42. 6 was significantly correlated with advanced age P= 0. 011 ECOG performance status P= 0. 041 and T stage P<0. 001 . Kaplan-Meier curves indicated that the 3-year overall survival OS of patients with PNI< 42. 6 and PNI≥42. 6 were 65. 5% and 96. 3% respectively χ 2 = 21. 922 P< 0. 001 . The preoperative low PNI was a predictor of poor OS in NSCLC patients. Furthermore the results of the multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that ECOG performance status HR = 4. 192 95% CI = 1. 136- 15. 465 P = 0. 031 T stage HR = 6. 832 95%CI = 2. 014-23. 178 P= 0. 002 lymph node metastasis HR= 2. 836 95%CI = 1. 001-8. 038 P= 0. 048 and preoperative PNI HR= 5. 069 95%CI = 1. 330-19. 317 P = 0. 017 were independent prognostic factors for NSCLC patients. Conclusion Preoperative PNI might be used as a reliable predictor of OS in NSCLC patients with a significant clinical value.
2022 Vol. 9 (3): 380-384 [Abstract] ( 209 ) HTML PDF (1518 KB)  ( 163 )
385 Establishment of a nomogram model for pre-operative nutritional status of gynecological tumor patients
Zhai Yeying， Zhang Jing， Lu Yun， Liu Yan
Objective To establish a nomogram model for pre-operative nutritional status of patients with gynecological tumors. Method A total of 110 patients underwent elective surgery for gynecological tumors from January 2016 to December 2019 were selected as the research objects three days before operation the patients were divided into well-nourished group 0 ~ 3 points n = 44 and malnutrition group 4 ~ 35 points n = 66 according to the patient generated subjective global assessment scale PG-SGA . The clinical datas and blood biochemical indexes were compared between the two groups then multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the risk factors of malnutrition. Result Univariate comparison found that the patients in malnutrition group were older more of advanced tumors less of fat percentage middle and upper arm circumference MUAC handgrip strength hemoglobin and albumin levels while higher of weight loss and percentage in recent one month C-reactive protein CRP levels the difference was statistically significant P < 0. 05 . Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that advanced tumors OR= 3. 001 95%CI = 2. 124-4. 125 higher of weight loss in recent 1 month OR= 5. 201 95%CI = 4. 526-6. 329 and CRP OR = 2. 012 95%CI = 1. 320-3. 020 less of hemoglobin OR= 0. 562 95%CI = 0. 232-0. 859 and handgrip strength OR = 0. 324 95%CI = 0. 102-0. 667 were the independent predictors to malnutrition in patients with gynecological tumors P < 0. 05 . The nomogram predictive model was established and the area under the curve AUC of nomogram model for predicting malnutrition by receiver operating curve ROC curve was 0. 889. Conclusion Malnutrition is common in patients with gynecological tumors before elective surgery advanced tumors increase of weight loss in recent one month and CRP decrease of hemoglobin and handgrip strength are the independent predictors of malnutrition establishment of a quantitative nomogram model with strong visual effect and simple operation has a high efficiency.
2022 Vol. 9 (3): 385-389 [Abstract] ( 172 ) HTML PDF (1061 KB)  ( 213 )
390 Clinical operation and application of fecal microbiota transplantation
1Wang Yuying，1 2Shi Hanping，1 2Rao Benqiang
Fecal microbiota transplantation FMT has been successfully used to treat recurrent C. difficile infections as an effective regimen to improve dysbiosis. With the deepening of scientific research on intestinal flora FMT technology has also been gradually applied to clinical treatment of various diseases and has become a new treatment solution for improving digestive endocrine nervous and other systemic diseases. However there is no unified standard for the clinical operation and application of FMT. From the collection of fecal bacteria donors to the transplantation of flora and then to the monitoring of postoperative efficacy the selection of donors preparation of fecal bacteria storage conditions selection of transplantation techniques and postoperative supervision and management in various countries and regions all have different views or standards. This article refers to clinical and scientific research cases in many countries and regions in Europe and Asia combined with clinical experience and analyzes the procedures from donor screening collection and storage of fecal bacteria samples and selection of transplant surgery. The various schemes of FMT in current clinical application are comprehensively introduced and the advantages and disadvantages between different clinical operating standards are discussed. In addition we introduced and evaluated the indications and contraindications for the clinical application of FMT the occurrence of postoperative adverse events and the monitoring of postoperative efficacy in order to reduce unnecessary damage to patients' health by standardizing the scope of clinical applications. Finally the whole process of FMT clinical operation is summarized and corresponding clinical application suggestions are given. We expect to provide clinicians with a reference for FMT surgical specifications. We expect to provide clinicians with reference to FMT operating standards.
2022 Vol. 9 (3): 390-395 [Abstract] ( 281 ) HTML PDF (2480 KB)  ( 381 )
396 Advances in pyruvate kinase M2 in the diagnosis treatment and prognosis of gastric cancer
1Wang Daoyu，2Huang He
Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor with the highest incidence and mortality rate and low 5-year survival rate in China. Treatment of gastric cancer is mainly surgery combined with radiation and chemotherapy. Due to the inconspicuous early symptoms of gastric cancer and the limited sensitivity and specificity of the current traditional tumor markers it is difficult to diagnose patients with early gastric cancer in China. Therefore the diagnostic pathways of early gastric cancer the targets of gastric cancer treatment and effective prognostic assessment methods have been major concerns. In recent years key enzymes in the energy metabolism of tumor cells have received more attention. Pyruvate kinase M2 PKM2 a key enzyme in the glycolytic pathway is abnormally expressed in tumor tissues serum and other body fluids and is involved not only in the nutrient metabolism of tumor cells but also in mitogenic activation. It is not only involved in the transcription of MAPK but also related to phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase PI3K / protein kinase B/ the mammalian target of tapamycin mTOR PI3K/ Akt / mTOR signaling pathway and NF-κB/ miR-148a / 152 feedback loop and other processes and through the above responses promote the proliferation invasion metastasis and vascular tumorigenesis of gastric cancer cells and inhibit apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. Recent researches have shown that PKM2 can be used for early diagnosis treatment and prognosis assessment of gastric cancer. This study reviews researches about early diagnosis treatment and prognosis assessment of PKM2 in gastric cancer in recent years which provide insight for improving the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis developing new treatment strategies and prognosis assessment.
2022 Vol. 9 (3): 396-400 [Abstract] ( 214 ) HTML PDF (1015 KB)  ( 217 )
401 Effect and research progress of soybean isoflavones on incidence and prognosis of breast cancer
1Zhang Riguang，2Yang Liu，1Chen Shaojun，1Chen Haihui，3Cong Minghua
The safety of soybean consumption in patients with breast cancer is still controversial. On the one hand it is believed that soybean isoflavones may stimulate the generation of reactive oxygen species and play a certain role in the initiation of breast cancer and the proliferation of cancer cells. On the other hand other studies have shown that after ingesting foods containing soybeans the isoflavone concentration in the serum increased significantly but the isoflavone concentration in the breast tissue changes little. At the same time consumption of isoflavone had no effect on Ki-67 a molecular marker of proliferative activity in breast tissue and the density of mammograms. Isoflavone intake has no adverse effect on the incidence of breast cancer in premenopausal and postmenopausal women but has the effect of preventing breast cancer. At the same time the intake of isoflavones had no effect on the proliferation of breast tissue. For breast cancer survivors after treatment intake of soybean and isoflavones had no significant adverse effects on prognosis and even had a protective effect on postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Therefore according to the epidemiological and clinical evidence obtained at present combined with the 2016 edition of Chinese Dietary Guidelines it is suggested that 10~ 25 g of soybeans or a considerable amount of soybean products should be taken per person per day and women diagnosed with breast cancer should eat soybeans appropriately. This article reviews the role of soybean isoflavones in the prevention of breast cancer whether it has an impact on proliferation whether it will affect breast cancer patients and the mechanism of soybean isoflavones on the pathogenesis and prognosis of breast cancer
2022 Vol. 9 (3): 401-407 [Abstract] ( 339 ) HTML PDF (47204 KB)  ( 66 )
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