Adv Search
 
  Office
  About
  Links
PUBMed
www.dxy.cn
More>>  
 
  Visited
    Current Issue
2025 Vol. 12, No. 2
Published: 2025-04-09
 
143 Impact of psychological distress on malnutrition in digestive cancer patient
Zhao Zhifeng,Zhao Qingchuan
Malnutrition is a prevalent clinical issue among gastrointestinal cancer patients contributing not only to impaired immune function but also to diminished treatment efficacy delayed rehabilitation and poorer prognosis. The primary causes of malnutrition include tumor - induced metabolic alterations insufficient dietary intake the release of inflammatory mediators and adverse effects associated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In recent years psychological distress has emerged as significant contributors to malnutrition warranting greater attention. The process of cancer diagnosis and treatment often triggers profound psychological distress such as anxiety and depression. These psychological stresses may disrupt gastrointestinal function by impairing nutrient intake and absorption. Furthermore tumor-related psychological distress compounded by visceral discomfort arising during treatment frequently induces somatic symptoms such as anorexia fatigue nausea and abdominal distension. Patients may excessively focus on these symptoms exacerbating emotional reactions further reducing food intake and intensifying malnutrition. Current nutritional interventions for cancer patients primarily emphasize the supplementation of specific nutrients with insufficient attention given to the impact of psychological factors. This paper explored the role of psychological distress in cancer - related malnutrition through the lens of psychosomatic medicine. It underscored the necessity of adopting an integrated biopsychosocial medical model in cancer care. Early identification and targeted intervention for psychological and emotional disturbances have the potential to significantly enhance patients' nutritional status improve treatment outcomes and facilitate recovery. This approach provides novel insights and directions for the comprehensive management of cancer patients.
2025 Vol. 12 (2): 143-147 [Abstract] ( 6 ) HTML PDF (1174 KB)  ( 4 )
148 Nutritional therapy for digestive system diseases related to psychosomatic disorders
1Li Zengning,2Zhai Yijing,3An Cuixia
1Hospital of Stomatology Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050031 Hebei China 2Department of Nutrition Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050031 Hebei China 3Department of Mental Health the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University Mental Health Center of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 050031 Hebei China
2025 Vol. 12 (2): 148-153 [Abstract] ( 2 ) HTML PDF (865 KB)  ( 2 )
154 Progress of photodynamic therapy in upper gastrointestinal tract tumors
Sun Peisen,Jin Xi
The World Health Organization reports that cancer is still the second leading cause of death worldwide. The morbidity and mortality of upper gastrointestinal tract tumors mainly esophageal and gastric cancers are perennially high and traditional surgical radiotherapy and chemotherapy regimens often result in poor prognosis due to high recurrence rates and drug resistance. Therefore exploring new therapies for upper gastrointestinal tract tumors has tremendous clinical value. With the development of photosensitizers and endoscopic technology photodynamic therapy is gradually gaining recognition in the field of anti - tumor as a treatment option with easy operation fewer side effects and greater controllability. In esophageal cancer the efficacy of photodynamic therapy in superficial esophageal cancer and Barrett's esophagus has obvious advantages compared with traditional therapies while in gastric cancer photodynamic therapy can not only be used alone in early stage gastric cancer in anticipation of a curative effect but also can be used as one of the options for palliative treatment of gastric cancer in the progressive stage. Because of the high degree of mechanistic fit the combined application of photodynamic therapy with radiotherapy surgical treatment and immunotherapy is also being put into clinical trials which is expected to bring new opportunities for the treatment of patients with upper gastrointestinal tract tumors. In this paper we will briefly describe the epidemiology of upper gastrointestinal tract tumors and existing therapies focus on explaining the anti-cancer principle of photodynamic therapy and its application in esophageal and gastric cancers and finally make a prediction and outlook on its development direction.
2025 Vol. 12 (2): 154-160 [Abstract] ( 3 ) HTML PDF (2760 KB)  ( 1 )
161 High salt cancer promotor or inhibitor?
Wang Yibo, Cui Jiuwei
Sodium chloride is an essential element for maintaining normal physiological functions in the human body. The main component of salt is sodium chloride. However when daily salt intake exceeds 6 grams defined as a high salt diet HSD it can lead to various adverse health effects. Numerous epidemiological studies have revealed a close association between HSD - induced inflammatory states and the occurrence and progression of various tumors. Nonetheless recent research has uncovered promising potential for salt in the field of anti-tumor therapy. Salt can accumulate in the interstitial and tumor microenvironments regulating the differentiation and activation of immune cells thereby enhancing anti - tumor immune responses. Additionally the hypertonic environment induced by high sodium levels can directly exert cytotoxic effects on tumor cells. As a safe and cost-effective potential therapeutic approach the challenge lies in avoiding adverse health effects caused by excessive dietary salt while leveraging its immunomodulatory and hyperosmotic properties for anti-tumor treatment. This review aims to elucidate the dual mechanisms by which high salt exerts its effects during tumor development and progression. By comprehensively analyzing these mechanisms we intend to provide a theoretical foundation and novel insights for the clinical application of high salt in cancer therapy paving the way for future anti-tumor strategies.
2025 Vol. 12 (2): 161-167 [Abstract] ( 1 ) HTML PDF (1522 KB)  ( 1 )
168 Clinical expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of sarcopenic obesity
Chinese Society of Nutritional Oncology, Chinese Society for Holistic Integrative Supportive Care
Sarcopenic obesity SO is a complex condition characterized by the coexistence of sarcopenia and obesity commonly seen in older adults and individuals with chronic diseases including malignancies. SO is associated with a markedly increased risk of poor clinical outcomes including diminished quality of life reduced physical function and elevated mortality. Accurate diagnosis and effective management are essential to mitigating these risks and improving patient outcomes. Based on current research and clinical experience this paper uses the GRADE system Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation to grade the evidence quality and recommendation strength of recommendations related to SO clinical screening diagnosis evaluation and treatment to form a consensus. The guidelines advocate for a stepwise diagnostic approach integrating assessments of skeletal muscle function and body composition and the specific diagnostic thresholds for the China population should be used to ensure the accuracy of diagnosis. Treatment recommendations encompass pharmacological therapies nutritional interventions and exercise programs and these interventions should be individually adjusted according to the patient's specific needs and condition. These guidelines aim to equip clinicians with a standardized framework to optimize the management of SO and enhance patient care.
2025 Vol. 12 (2): 168-180 [Abstract] ( 4 ) HTML PDF (1133 KB)  ( 4 )
181 Application of nutritional therapy for modified jejunostomy in patients with esophageal cancer and construction of prognostic risk model
Wu Haiyan, Xu Jingjing, Chen Chen, Wu Chenchen, Lu Dongmei, Yin Tianjiao
Objective To explore the application effect of modified jejunostomy nutrition support in esophageal cancer and construct the risk prediction model of complications. Method Retrospective analysis of 197 esophageal cancer patients was collected from the First Hospital of Huai 'an affiliated to Nanjing Medical University / First People's Hospital of Huai 'an City from April 2020 to October 2023. The patients were divided into two groups based on treatment methods the control group of 98 cases received nasogastric tube insertion while the experimental group of 99 cases received modified jejunal stoma for nutritional support. The study compared the nutritional indicators and complication rates during the treatment period at 14 days post-intervention. Additionally the incidence of postoperative complications was recorded and divided into two groups the group with complications n = 24 and the group without complications n = 173 . For indicators showing differences in univariate analysis binary Logistic regression was used to identify independent factors influencing postoperative complications and the evaluation effectiveness of the binary logistic regression model was verified. The above procedures were summarized for the training group. Result The total protein albumin and hemoglobin levels in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group after the trial with a lower incidence of postoperative complications compared to the control group and the difference was statistically significant P<0. 05 . Univariate analysis showed that age surgery duration alcohol consumption history anastomosis site nutritional risk and intervention method had an impact on postoperative complications P<0. 05 . Bivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that age ≥60 years surgery duration < 240 min alcohol consumption history anastomosis site at the neck nutritional risk and nasogastric tube use were independent risk factors for postoperative complications in esophageal cancer patients P<0. 05 . The samples of all the studies are divided into the training set and the validation set. An evaluation model was established based on these risk factors with the training set showing an AUC of 0. 840 a 95%CI of 0. 766 to 0. 913 a specificity of 75. 10% and a sensitivity of 79. 20% the validation set had an AUC of 0. 828 a 95%CI of 0. 711 to 0. 944 a specificity of 98. 84% and a sensitivity of 66. 67% indicating that the model has good discriminative power. Conclusion Compared to nasogastric tube insertion modified jejunal stoma nutrition support can better improve the postoperative nutritional status of esophageal cancer patients. However postoperative complications are still influenced by factors such as nastomosis site age alcohol consumption history nutritional risk intervention method and surgery duration. Therefore it is essential to focus on these risk factors and implement corresponding preventive and intervention measures to reduce postoperative complications in esophageal cancer patients and improve patient outcomes.
2025 Vol. 12 (2): 181-188 [Abstract] ( 3 ) HTML PDF (926 KB)  ( 1 )
189 Association between healthy eating behavior and nutritional literacy and dietary attitudes in early breast cancer chemotherapy patients
Xu Ting, Xu Lingling, Wu Chunmiao, Liu Feng
Objective To investigate the relationship between healthy eating behavior and nutritional literacy and eating attitude in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Method Conduct retrospective study selecting 128 breast cancer patients who received chemotherapy at the Fuyang Cancer Hospital from January 2022 to June 2023 as the study subjects. Collect demographic data clinical data and use the Chinese Cancer Patients Nutrition Knowledge-Attitude-Behavior Survey Questionnaire and the Chinese Adult Nutrition Literacy Measurement Scale NLMS-CA to investigate patients' dietary behaviors attitudes and nutrition literacy. Result The average score of healthy eating behavior of 128 patients with breast cancer chemotherapy was 55. 94± 13. 13 . The results of univariate analysis showed that Demographic and disease characteristics such as age BMI working status residence status education level per capita monthly family income menopausal status caretakers whether to relapse were significantly correlated with the score of healthy eating behavior of patients P<0. 05 . The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the healthy eating behavior score of patients was significantly positively correlated with the total score of NLMS-CA scale scores of all dimensions and total score of eating attitude P< 0. 05 . Multiple linear regression analysis showed that eating behavior score was significantly correlated with the total score of NLMS-CA scale and the total score of eating attitude P< 0. 05 . Conclusion The healthy eating behavior of breast cancer patients with chemotherapy is affected by many factors and it is closely related to its nutrient and eating attitude which should be paid attention to during intervention.
2025 Vol. 12 (2): 189-194 [Abstract] ( 2 ) HTML PDF (840 KB)  ( 3 )
195 Construction and application of preoperative nutritional screening and evaluation index system for esophageal cancer patients
Ji Yuping, Yang Heping, Zhou Yang
Objective To construct a preoperative nutritional screening and evaluation index system for esophageal cancer patients and apply it initially to provide references for clinical medical personnel to identify the nutritional risk of patients. Method The preliminary version of the preoperative nutritional screening and evaluation index system for esophageal cancer patients was formed through evidence-based search and group discussion then the indexes were improved by two rounds of expert consultation method and the final version was constructed. A total of 120 preoperative patients with esophageal cancer who were treated at the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University from September 2023 to May 2024 were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into an intervention group and a control group with 50 cases in each group according to the random number table method. The control group implemented conventional nursing care and the intervention group implemented the preoperative nutritional screening and evaluation index system of esophageal cancer patients based on the control group and compared the nutritional status of the patients in the two groups after the intervention. Result The preoperative nutritional screening and evaluation index system for esophageal cancer patients contains 5 primary indicators and 39 secondary indicators and the results of expert correspondence are better the preliminary application shows that the implementation of the preoperative nutritional screening and evaluation index system for patients can effectively improve the nutritional status of the patients P<0. 05 . Conclusion The preoperative nutritional screening and evaluation index system for esophageal cancer patients has good scientific validity and effectiveness in predicting patient nutritional risks.
2025 Vol. 12 (2): 195-201 [Abstract] ( 4 ) HTML PDF (849 KB)  ( 2 )
202 Expression of TRIM44 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and its relationship with clinical features and prognosis
Objective To explore the expression of tripartite motif-containing protein 44 TRIM44 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma LSCC and its correlation with prognosis. Method A total of 98 patients with LSCC admitted to Zigong First People's Hospital from October 2018 to October 2019 were selected and their LSCC tissues and paracancer tissues were respectively taken during operation. The expression level of TRIM44 mRNA in LSCC tissues and adjacent tissues was detected by qRT-PCR. According to the mean value of TRIM44 mRNA expression in LSCC tissues they were divided into low TRIM44 expression group and high TRIM44 expression group. The relationship between TRIM44 mRNA expression level and survival status of LSCC patients was analyzed. To analyze the risk factors affecting the poor prognosis of LSCC patients. Result The positive expression rate of TRIM44 in LSCC tissues was significantly higher than that in paracancer group P < 0. 05 . The expression level of TRIM44 mRNA in LSCC tissues was significantly increased compared with that in adjacent tissues P<0. 05 . TRIM44 mRNA expression level was correlated with lymph node metastasis differentiation degree and distant metastasis P < 0. 05 . Analysis showed that the 3-year survival rate of patients with high expression of TRIM44mRNA was lower than that of patients with low expression of TRIM44 P<0. 05 . There were significant differences in the proportion of poorly differentiated lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis between surviving patients and deceased patients P < 0. 05 . Lymph node metastasis HR=3. 332 and high expression of TRIM44 mRNA HR= 5. 365 were risk factors for poor prognosis in LSCC patients P<0. 05 . Conclusion TRIM44 mRNA is highly expressed in LSCC tissues which is related to the clinical characteristics and survival of patients with LSCC and is expected to be a potential prognostic biomarker for LSCC.
2025 Vol. 12 (2): 202-207 [Abstract] ( 2 ) HTML PDF (2039 KB)  ( 3 )
208 A longitudinal study of symptom cluster trajectories during adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients
1Yao Wanqing,1Lu Wei,2Chen Dandan,2Zhang Wanqiu,3Yang Lizhuang,3Ding Zenghui,4Wang Ying,5Liu Jintao
Objective To explore the symptoms and symptom cluster composition during chemotherapy in breast cancer patients and to provide a basis for symptom management during chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. Method A total of 210 breast cancer patients admitted to Hefei Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Sciences from May 2023 to August 2024 were selected and basic information questionnaire and Chinese version of Memory Symptom Assessment Scale were used to conduct questionnaire surveys in the first cycle of chemotherapy T1 the second cycle of chemotherapy T2 the third cycle of chemotherapy T3 and the last cycle of chemotherapy T4 respectively. Questionnaire symptom clusters were extracted using exploratory factor analysis. Result Initially 210 breast cancer patients met the inclusion criteria. At the T1 T2 T3 T4 time points 210 205 199 and 192 breast cancer patients participated in the follow-up respectively. The number of symptoms at each time node from T1 to T4 was 9 6 14 11 7 16 12 8 18 and 11 6 16 respectively. The number of symptoms with an incidence rate of greater than 20% at each time node from T1 to T4 was 15 20 20 and 16 respectively. Three common factors were extracted from T1 including gastrointestinal symptom cluster emotional and psychological symptom cluster and menopausal symptom cluster. Five common factors were extracted from T2 to T3 including gastrointestinal symptom cluster emotional and psychological symptom cluster neurological symptom cluster menopausal symptom cluster and self - image disorder symptom cluster. Four common factors were extracted at T4 including gastrointestinal symptom cluster emotional and psychological symptom cluster neurological symptom cluster and menopausal symptom cluster.Conclusion Breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy experience multiple symptoms and different symptom clusters during different cycles of chemotherapy. Clinical staff should pay attention to the symptom clusters of breast cancer patients during chemotherapy and take appropriate measures to actively intervene to alleviate multiple symptoms thereby reducing the impact of symptom clusters on patients.
2025 Vol. 12 (2): 208-214 [Abstract] ( 2 ) HTML PDF (1083 KB)  ( 3 )
215 Assessment of body composition and sarcopenia in the prognosis of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Gu Jiawei, Zhu Xiangyang, Ji Hongyan, Xu Yan
Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of body composition and sarcopenia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD . Method A total of 185 COPD patients admitted to Nantong Cancer Hospital from June 2021 to June 2022 were included. The patients were followed up for 1 year and their survival was recorded. All patients' clinical information baseline data were measured and recorded at admission. General information included age sex BMI hypertension and diabetes. Body composition indicators include waist circumference phase angle midarm circumference calf circumference. Result A total of 185 patients observed 16 died representing a mortality rate of 8. 6%. According to whether the patients died or not the results showed that The age and incidence of sarcopenia in death group were significantly higher than those in survival group while the phase angle was significantly lower in death group compared to the survival group with statistically significant differences P<0. 05 . Cox proportional model results showed that age reduction was significantly associated with a lower risk of death in COPD patients HR= 0. 832 95%CI = 0. 706-0. 982 P= 0. 030 . Sarcopenia was significantly associated with an increased risk of death in COPD patients HR = 3. 377 95% CI = 1. 126- 10. 1330 P = 0. 030 . Decreased phase Angle was significantly associated with increased risk of death in COPD patients HR= 2. 746 95% CI = 1. 165-6. 472 P= 0. 021 . ROC curve results showed that the AUC of age predicting the prognosis of COPD was 0. 814 the maximum Youden index was 0. 546 the corresponding sensitivity was 88. 2% and the specificity was 66. 4%. Sarcopenia predicted the outcome of COPD with an AUC of 0. 780 a maximum Youden index of 0. 417 a corresponding sensitivity of 64. 7% and a specificity of 77. 0%. The phase angle predicted the prognosis of COPD with an AUC of 0. 850 a maximum Youden index of 0. 612 a corresponding sensitivity of 88. 2% and a specificity of 73. 0%. Conclusion Both decreased phase angle and sarcopenia were significantly associated with an increased risk of death in COPD patients. Decreased phase angle and sarcopenia have high prognostic value in COPD patients. However due to the relatively small sample size in this study the model's stability is suboptimal.
2025 Vol. 12 (2): 215-220 [Abstract] ( 2 ) HTML PDF (1587 KB)  ( 3 )
221 Construction of a comprehensive prediction model for moderate and severe malnutrition in patients with oral cancer after radical resection
Ling Xiaotong, Li Delong, Chen Wei, Fu Jia
Objective To analyze the influencing factors of moderate and severe malnutrition in oral cancer patients after radical resection and to build a comprehensive prediction model. Method A total of 195 patients who underwent radical resection of oral cancer treated in Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Stomatological Hospital from January 2022 to January 2024 as the research subjects. Two weeks after surgery they were divided into a moderate and severe malnutrition group of 117 cases and a non malnutrition group of 78 cases according to their nutritional status. The risk factors for moderate and severe malnutrition in oral cancer patients after radical resection were analyzed and a regression model and decision tree model were constructed to comprehensively evaluate postoperative moderate and severe malnutrition. Result According to binary Logistic regression analysis clinical stage Ⅲ OR = 6. 114 95%CI = 1. 667-22. 423 clinical stage Ⅳ OR = 6. 537 95%CI = 1. 656-25. 797 oral treatment history OR = 3. 387 95%CI = 1. 388- 8. 263 love of chewing betel nut OR = 3. 783 95% CI 1. 550- 9. 232 tracheotomy OR = 3. 120 95% CI = 1. 196-8. 139 postoperative radiotherapy OR = 21. 625 95%CI 6. 457-72. 421 postoperative depression OR = 3. 832 95% CI = 1. 506 - 9. 751 postoperative sleep disorders OR = 3. 940 95% CI = 1. 600 - 9. 704 and postoperative swallowing disorders OR= 3. 474 95%CI = 1. 427-8. 462 are risk factors for moderate and severe malnutrition in patients with oral cancer undergoing radical resection P<0. 05 . The model's Hosmer Lemeshow fitting test showed a chi square of 5. 613 and a P-value of 0. 691. ROC curve analysis revealed that the AUC of the model for predicting moderate and severe malnutrition in oral cancer patients after radical resection was 0. 904 95%CI = 0. 862-0. 945 with a sensitivity of 81. 2% specificity of 83. 3% Youden index of 0. 645 and an accuracy of 82. 1% in practical applications. A decision tree risk model for postoperative moderate and severe malnutrition in oral cancer patients undergoing radical resection was constructed with the occurrence of postoperative moderate and severe malnutrition as the dependent variable and risk factors as independent variables. The misjudgment rate was 21. 0% and the prediction accuracy was 79. 0%. Conclusion Malnutrition and clinical stage oral treatment history preference for chewing betel nut tracheotomy and postoperative radiotherapy depression sleep disorders and swallowing disorders are related to patients with oral cancer undergoing radical resection. Logistic regression models and decision tree models have high predictive value for moderate and severe malnutrition in patients with oral cancer undergoing radical resection.
2025 Vol. 12 (2): 221-230 [Abstract] ( 2 ) HTML PDF (2635 KB)  ( 2 )
231 Potential profile analysis of nutrient quality of maintenance hemodialysis patients and its relationship with debility
Xia Jingwen, Yang Li, Yang Jiahui, Xu Wei
Objective To explore the trajectory of nutritional literacy changes in maintenance hemodialysis patients analyze the influencing factors of different trajectories and explore the correlation with frailty so as to provide new ideas and bases for the improvement of the patients' level of frailty at a later stage. Method Convenience sampling method was used to select patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis treatment in Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital during the time period from January 2023 to June 2024 as the study subjects and basic information questionnaire Chinese version of the Nutritional Literacy Assessment Tool and the Tilburg Debilitation Scale were used to conduct questionnaire surveys on the enrolled research subjects. The data were analyzed and tested by one - way analysis and two - by - two comparison. Result The total nutritional literacy score of maintenance hemodialysis patients was 20. 21±4. 37 points and the debilitation score 4. 55±1. 13 points. Nutritional literacy of maintenance hemodialysis patients was categorized into 3 potential profile categories high nutrient literacy group low nutrient literacy group and medium nutrient literacy group. Univariate analysis the 3 category groups were significantly different in terms of age education mode of residence and age on dialysis P < 0. 05 . Two-by-two comparison showed that the level of debilitation of patients in the low-nutrient literacy group was higher than that of the high-nutrient literacy group P < 0. 01 and higher than that of the medium-nutrient literacy low-skill group P < 0. 01 and that of the medium-nutrient literacy low-skill group was higher than that of the high-nutrient literacy group P < 0. 05 . Conclusion Nutritional literacy of maintenance hemodialysis patients was classified into 3 potential profile categories. Nutritional literacy in different profiles was strongly associated with the patients' level of debilitation. Clinical staff can actively adopt countermeasures for patients in the low-literacy group to improve their nutrient literacy status as much as possible which will have a positive effect on delaying the progression of patients' debilitation and preventing the occurrence of adverse events.
2025 Vol. 12 (2): 231-237 [Abstract] ( 5 ) HTML PDF (3630 KB)  ( 7 )
238 The clinical value of fat - free mass index for the assessment of nutritional status and prognosis in non - metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients
1Zhang Beilei,1Lu Yingying,2Shi Xiaowei
Objective This study aimed to explore the role of fat-free mass index FFMI measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis BIA for nutritional and prognostic assessment of non - metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Method This retrospective study collected clinicopathological data of 162 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients who received systematic treatment in Hai'an People's Hospital From January 2019 to June 2022 and FFMI was measured and calculated by BIA. All patients were divided into low FFMI n = 55 and normal FFMI group n = 107 according to its threshold recommended by Asian Working Group of Sarcopenia male FFMI <17 kg / m 2 female FFMI <15 kg / m 2 . The baseline characteristics and progression-free survival PFS of the two groups were compared. Kaplan-Meier curves and the Cox proportional regression model were used to evaluate the relationship between FFMI and the prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Result The mean FFMI of the entire cohort was 17. 8 ± 2. 0 kg / m 2 . Of them 34. 0% 55 / 162 were diagnosed as low FFMI. The patients with low FFMI had a lower BMI t = 5. 168 P<0. 001 and higher risk of malnutrition NRS 2002≥ 3 points χ 2 = 5. 817 P = 0. 015 than those with normal FFMI. With regard to nutrition-related parameters the level of serum albumin t = 2. 032 P= 0. 044 lymphocyte count t = 2. 674 P= 0. 008 mid-arm circumference t = 3. 850 P<0. 001 and handgrip strength t = 2. 229 P= 0. 027 in patients with low FFMI were significantly lower than in those with normal FFMI. The Kaplan - Meier curve showed that low FFMI was correlated with poor prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. The 3-year PFS rates of patients with low and normal FFMI were 45. 6% and 68. 4% respectively χ 2 = 7. 957 P= 0. 005 . The univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that TNM stage HR= 3. 393 95%CI = 1. 911-6. 023 P<0. 001 and FFMI HR = 2. 182 95% CI = 1. 242 - 3. 831 P = 0. 007 were independent predictor of PFS for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Conclusion The FFMI measured by body composition analysis had important clinical significance for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients and it might be a useful parameter for nutritional and prognostic assessment.
2025 Vol. 12 (2): 238-244 [Abstract] ( 1 ) HTML PDF (1680 KB)  ( 1 )
245 Research progress on biomarkers for predicting immunotherapy efficiency in small cell lung cancer
You Meiyi, Zhong Ting, Kong Chunchu
Platinum-based chemotherapy has long been the standard first -line treatment for small cell lung cancer. In recent years immunotherapy has rapidly advanced in the field of lung cancer offering new hope for small cell lung cancer patients. However the response rate and duration of response to immunotherapy remain suboptimal primarily due to the limitations of current biomarkers for predicting immunotherapy efficacy in small cell lung cancer such as low sensitivity and weak specificity. therefore there is an urgent clinical need to identify more efficient biomarkers. The research on immune checkpoint-related markers such as PD-L1 and B7-H3 has shown that the expression levels of immune checkpoint proteins are closely related to the response to immunotherapy in some patients. In terms of tumor-specific biomarkers tumor mutation burden TMB has been widely utilized as a key indicator for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy while molecular subtyping of small cell lung cancer offers new perspectives for optimizing treatment strategies. Furthermore tumor microenvironment - related biomarkers including the inflammatory T cell gene expression profile T cell inf GEP and tumor - infiltrating lymphocytes TILs provide additional possibilities for evaluating immune responses. In the field of non-invasive testing peripheral blood biomarkers such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio NLR and lung immune prognostic index LIPI have demonstrated promising predictive value for therapeutic outcomes. This article reviews the research progress of potential biomarkers in the field of small cell lung cancer in recent years aiming to explore suitable biomarkers for identifying patients who will derive long-term benefit realizing individualized precision treatment improving patients' quality of life and prolonging survival time.
2025 Vol. 12 (2): 245-252 [Abstract] ( 2 ) HTML PDF (924 KB)  ( 2 )
253 Research progress in building clinical prediction models for diseases based on biochemical indicators and machine learning
1Deng Mengjie, 1,2,3Zeng Jun, 1Zheng Lifu, 1,2,3Wang Lu, 1,2,3Jiang Hua
The construction of clinical prediction models based on biochemical indicators has become an important direction in medical research. This paper systematically reviews recent advances in the development of clinical prediction models based on biochemical indicators and machine learning techniques with a focus on the key aspects of model construction highlighting the current limitations of such models and proposing future directions for improvement. We enrolled 28 studies that are retrieved from PubMed Embase Web of Science and China Knowledge Network CNKI databases summarizing and analyzing the modeling objectives variable selection modeling methods and model evaluations of these studies. We found that most of the included studies were small-sample single-center designs with a median sample size of 466 n = 54-58 616 . The study populations primarily consisted of cancer patients and the purpose of the studies was mainly prognosis/ risk prediction of disease. The model performance varied widely with AUC values ranging from 0. 691 to 0. 992 and the qualities of enrolled studies varied. Further analysis revealed several limitations including unclear inclusion / exclusion criteria lack of reliable preprocessing methods absence of feature engineering and insufficient cross-validation and external validation. Therefore although a few studies attempted to establish prediction models using biochemical indicators the overall quality of the research still needs improvement. Future research should focus on optimizing models using multivariate variable selection and advanced machine learning / deep learning algorithms adopting standardized evaluation methods for model validation to ensure the clinical applicability of the models and incorporating time-series data to enhance model quality and fully realize the clinical value of biochemical indicators.
2025 Vol. 12 (2): 253-260 [Abstract] ( 3 ) HTML PDF (980 KB)  ( 2 )
261 Research progress of some S100 family proteins in esophageal cancer
Zheng Shiming, Wang Cheng, Yang Jianbao
Some S100 family proteins comprise a group of 25 small molecule calcium-binding proteins that play crucial roles in the occurrence development metastasis and prognosis of various tumors. In recent years an increasing number of studies have elucidated the key biological functions and clinical significance of S100 family proteins in esophageal cancer. This review systematically summarizes the expression characteristics molecular mechanisms and associations with poor prognosis for certain members of the S100 family—specifically S100A2 S100A4 S100A7 S100A8 / A9 S100A14 S100A16 and S100B. These proteins influence cell proliferation migration invasion and epithelial -mesenchymal transition by modulating multiple signaling pathways such as PI3K/ AKT MAPK NF-κB . They also participate in tumor microenvironment remodeling and immune regulation. Notably both S100A2 and S100A4 are linked to poor prognostic outcomes in esophageal cancer. S100A7 enhances M2 macrophage infiltration and polarization through upregulation of M2 macrophage-associated proteins while promoting tumor angiogenesis via activation of p-ErK and p-FAK pathways. The downregulated expression levels of S100A8 / A9 in esophageal cancer may facilitate tumor progression by influencing cell cycle dynamics and differentiation processes as well as impacting chemotherapy resistance and the immune microenvironment. Furthermore the reduced expression of S100A14 is closely associated with the onset and progression of esophageal cancer it may affect cellular invasion processes through modulation of the p53 pathway—both factors representing potential therapeutic targets as well as prognostic indicators for this malignancy. Additionally the downregulation of S100A14 coupled with upregulation of S100A16 can promote proliferation and invasion within esophageal cancer cells offering new insights into its underlying mechanisms during tumorigenesis. However further investigation is required to fully elucidate the specific mechanisms by which these members from the S100 protein family operate within esophageal cancer contexts along with their interactions involving other molecular entities.
2025 Vol. 12 (2): 261-267 [Abstract] ( 2 ) HTML PDF (911 KB)  ( 3 )
268 Research progress on the regulation of metabolic diseases by the S100 protein family
1Bao Xianrong,2Huang Shenglan,2Yang Lixiao,2Zhang Jie,1Cen Yunyun,1Xu Pengyuan
The S100 protein family is a group of calcium-dependent regulatory proteins widely distributed across various cells and tissues playing roles in numerous physiological and pathological processes. In recent years the involvement of S100 proteins in metabolic diseases especially obesity type 2 diabetes and non - alcoholic fatty liver disease has attracted considerable attention. Research indicates that S100 proteins regulate energy balance and insulin resistance by modulating key cellular signaling pathways including inflammation fat metabolism and insulin signaling. Members such as S100A8 / A9 S100B and S100A4 interact with receptors like receptor for advanced glycation end products and Toll-like receptor-4 activating downstream inflammatory pathways that affect immune responses and metabolic dysregulation. Additionally changes in the expression of S100 proteins in organs like adipose tissue liver and pancreas further exacerbate the progression of metabolic diseases. Despite these insights the specific molecular mechanisms and clinical applications of S100 proteins in metabolic diseases still require further investigation. This review summarizes the research progress on the role of the S100 protein family in metabolic diseases and discusses its potential as a therapeutic target providing theoretical foundations for future diagnostic and treatment strategies.
2025 Vol. 12 (2): 268-275 [Abstract] ( 4 ) HTML PDF (3673 KB)  ( 6 )
276 Progress in molecular biomarkers for radiation pneumonitis
1Shu Hongming,2Luo Wenjuan
Radiation pneumonitis is a common and severe complication of radiotherapy for lung cancer with complex pathogenesis involving inflammation oxidative stress and fibrosis. In recent years molecular biomarkers have made significant advances in the early diagnosis risk prediction and therapeutic evaluation of radiation pneumonitis. Studies have found that inflammatory factors such as transforming growth factor-β1 TGF-β1 interleukin-6 IL-6 and acute-phase proteins like serum amyloid A SAA play crucial roles in the early inflammatory response of radiation pneumonitis. Meanwhile extracellular matrix proteins such as tenascin C TNC and chemokines like CCL18 are mainly involved in the fibrotic phase of lung damage indicating their potential value in late- stage injury. Additionally immune - related factors including C - reactive protein CRP and the CD4 + / CD8 + ratio are considered reflective of systemic inflammation and immune dysfunction in radiation-induced lung injury. Although these biomarkers show promise for the early diagnosis and prognosis of radiation pneumonitis their specificity and sensitivity require further validation through large-scale clinical studies. This review systematically summarizes the current progress in radiation pneumonitis-associated molecular biomarkers analyzes their clinical significance and limitations and explores future research directions such as integrating multi-omics technologies and developing personalized risk prediction models to provide new insights into the precision management and targeted treatment of radiation pneumonitis.
2025 Vol. 12 (2): 276-282 [Abstract] ( 2 ) HTML PDF (883 KB)  ( 3 )
Copyright © Editorial Board of Electron J Metab Nutr Cancer
Supported by:Beijing Magtech