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2025 Vol. 12, No. 1
Published: 2025-02-09
 
1 Hyperlipidemia in cancer patients defender or killer?
1,2Tian Haiying,2Shi Hanping
Hyperlipidemia also known as dyslipidemia includes elevated triglycerides elevated total cholesterol elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Abnormal lipid metabolism is one of the most important metabolic changes in patients with malignant tumors which may be closely related to the occurrence development metastasis and prognosis of malignant tumors. The relationship between hyperlipidemia and malignant tumors has not been clearly elucidated. There are literature reports that hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for malignant tumors and has a negative impact on their survival prognosis. Some scholars also believe that elevated total cholesterol is a protective factor against cancer and is associated with a decrease in overall mortality rate among cancer patients. At present there is no precise guidance on blood lipid management for cancer internationally and a large number of literature research results suggest that the relationship between abnormal blood lipids and cancer is very complex. Lipids are important components of biological membranes and cellular structures. Lipids are used for energy storage and metabolism and play an important role as signaling molecules for many cellular activities. The molecular biology mechanism of lipids in malignant tumors may be more complex. This article will be based on the research results of the Investigation of the Nutrition Status and Clinical Outcome of Common Cancers INSCOC trial and combined with domestic and foreign literature reports to provide a systematic review further elaborating on the correlation between hyperlipidemia and malignant tumors.
2025 Vol. 12 (1): 1-6 [Abstract] ( 106 ) HTML PDF (3033 KB)  ( 49 )
7 Interpretation of ESPEN practical guideline Nutritional Support for Polymorbid Medical Inpatients
1Liu Miao,1Yu Yuan,2Cong Minghua
Chronic polymorbidity refers to the situation where an individual suffers from two or more chronic diseases which has a huge burden on the patient's physical and psychological health. Currently with the increasing aging of the global population and the rising prevalence of chronic diseases the incidence of chronic polymorbidity is rising year by year becoming a serious global public health problem. Patients with polymorbidity are prone to disease-related malnutrition and nutritional support can reduce the incidence of polymorbidity and other complications and reduce the impact on disease prognosis. In 2024 the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism published the latest edition of the ESPEN practical guideline Nutritional support for polymorbid medical inpatients. Based on the 2018 guideline this guideline provides the latest available evidence and expert opinion and the content is presented in the form of decision flowcharts making it more intuitive and concise. The guideline proposes 32 recommendations for nutritional screening individualized nutritional support nutrient requirement estimation early nutritional support post - discharge nutritional support and monitoring and nutritional support organizational management reform providing very important reference opinions for nutritional support for patients with polymorbidity. This article interprets the guidelines and reclassifies the recommendations aiming to enhance understanding help medical professionals better understand and apply and promote the effective implementation of the guidelines.
2025 Vol. 12 (1): 7-16 [Abstract] ( 128 ) HTML PDF (10436 KB)  ( 22 )
17 Research progress on the relationship between plant-based dietary patterns and malignant tumors incidence and mortality
Tu Kexin, Lin Fangting, Zhang Caixia
Plant-based dietary patterns characterized by high intake of plant-based foods are gaining global popularity due to their health benefits for those who follow them and their positive effects on environmental sustainability. The incidence of malignant tumors is rising annually worldwide making it the second leading cause of death and a persistent public health issue globally. Studies have indicated that malignant tumor is largely preventable with diet playing a crucial role in primary prevention and also affecting malignant tumor mortality and patient prognosis. Plant foods rich in dietary fiber and various phytochemicals have been supported by epidemiological studies showing their effectiveness in reducing the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors. Examining overall dietary behavior the plant - based dietary pattern considers potential correlations between different foods or nutrients and their association with malignant tumors which are drawing increasing attention. The concept of plant-based dietary patterns is continuously evolving from vegetarian diets to various plant-based diet indices. People are exploring more refined plant-based dietary approaches and beginning to consider the health and quality of different plant - based foods. This review aims to summarize various types of plant- based dietary patterns and the related research evidence concerning their relationship with malignant tumor incidence and mortality providing a theoretical foundation for daily dietary recommendations and malignant tumor prevention.
2025 Vol. 12 (1): 17-24 [Abstract] ( 90 ) HTML PDF (3098 KB)  ( 95 )
25 Advances and clinical significance of body composition analysis in radiation therapy
1Yan Ling,2Liao Zhengkai
With the advancement of medical technology body composition analysis BCA as a non-invasive and user-friendly assessment tool has played an increasingly significant role in the field of radiation therapy. BCA provides a new dimension for evaluating the nutritional status of radiation therapy patients by precisely quantifying key indicators such as muscle mass fat mass and body water content. These indicators not only reflect the metabolic status of patients but also predict treatment outcomes and potential risks of adverse reactions providing a scientific basis for the formulation of personalized radiation therapy plans. Currently the application of BCA in the management of radiation therapy patients has demonstrated remarkable potential optimizing treatment regimens improving therapeutic efficacy and reducing toxic side effects thereby enhancing patients' quality of life. This review summarizes recent research progress on the application of BCA in radiation therapy patients explores the effects of radiation therapy on patients' body composition and the relationship between these changes and treatment outcomes and patient prognosis. Meanwhile it evaluates currently used BCA methods including their advantages and limitations. We aim to promote the routine clinical application of BCA in radiation therapy providing patients with more personalized and effective treatment plans through precise body composition analysis. Furthermore this article looks into the future development directions of BCA technology and how technological innovations can meet clinical needs further enhancing the scientificity and effectiveness of radiation therapy
2025 Vol. 12 (1): 25-29 [Abstract] ( 76 ) HTML PDF (875 KB)  ( 63 )
30 Research progress of trace element selenium in cancer prevention and treatment
Yu Zhimeng, Liu Yinghua
Trace elements are important and indispensable nutrients in human metabolism and their intake is relatively small but they are essential for maintaining normal physiological functions of the human body. Many patients receiving nutritional therapy have varying degrees of trace element deficiency due to various reasons leading to disease progression and affecting clinical outcomes. Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and poses a major threat to human health. In recent years the role of selenium as an essential trace element in the prevention and treatment of cancer has attracted much attention. Studies have shown that adequate selenium intake can reduce the risk of some types of cancer and has shown significant potential in improving the efficacy of chemotherapy and radiotherapy and reducing the side effects of treatment. Selenium plays an important role in anti-tumor processes through its antioxidant anti - inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. The specific mechanisms include enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes inducing apoptosis inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and regulating the immune system. Compared with traditional anticancer drugs selenium has significant advantages in multi - target action low toxicity and side effects and cost - effectiveness. In addition selenium supplementation has shown promising effects in reducing toxic reactions caused by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This article reviews the application progress of selenium in the prevention and treatment of tumors and analyzes its auxiliary role in chemotherapy radiotherapy and immunotherapy in order to provide new ideas for clinical practice and improve the treatment effect and quality of life of cancer patients.
2025 Vol. 12 (1): 30-36 [Abstract] ( 114 ) HTML PDF (939 KB)  ( 74 )
37 Expert consensus for management specification to construct "Hungry-Free Hospital" ensure patient safety(2024 edition)
Hospitals are the places with the highest incidence of malnutrition and inpatients are the groups with the highest incidence of malnutrition. Malnutrition is an independent risk factor for patients with reduction of therapeutic effect whilst increase of complications mortality risk prolonged hospital stay medical costs and a decline in the quality of life a reduction in survival time. Standardized nutrition management has become a problem that both hospital administrators and medical practitioners are required to pay great attention to and solve in urgent. It can effectively prevent the insufficient intake during hospitalization hospital - acquired malnutrition and treat disease-related malnutrition by promoting the construction of "Hungry-Free Hospital". Thus the goal will be achieved to improve medical quality patient safety medical efficiency as well as realize value-based healthcare. For this purpose the Clinical Nutrition Action Expert Committee of the National Nutrition and Health Expert Committee organized the administration medical nutrition and nursing personnel to build up an expert group who finally formulate the Expert consensus for management specification to construct "Hungry-Free Hospital" ensure patient safety 2024 edition based on existed research evidence at home and abroad. This specification elaborates the organization responsibilities implementation plan and quality control for construction of "Hungry-Free Hospital" which has guiding significance for standardizing nutrition management in medical institutions and comprehensively promoting the construction of "Hungry-Free Hospital".
2025 Vol. 12 (1): 37-44 [Abstract] ( 138 ) HTML PDF (2803 KB)  ( 229 )
45 Prospective randomized controlled study of the effects of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy combined with immunonutrition on rectal tumor infiltration and regulatory T lymphocytes
Xia Chang, Jin Tao, Huang Kaiping, Zhai Shaohong, Hu Huan, Wu Xuan
Objective To explore the effects of immunonutrition on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes and regulatory T-cells in rectal tumor patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Method Prospective selected 120 rectal tumor patients admitted to the Oncology Department of Liyuan Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from September 2020 to June 2023 divided into 2 groups according to the random number table method. The control group of 60 patients were treated with routine nutritional support in the observation group 60 patients received immunonutritional support cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis PI AI AI / PI gastrointestinal hormone levels VIP MTL GAS tumor infiltration and regulatory T lymphocyte numbers Th3 TGF-β CD3 + CD8 + and nutritional status PA Hb ALB at 30d after treatment. Result Cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis gastrointestinal hormone levels nutritional status tumor infiltration and regulated T lymphocytes were better than before treatment P <0. 05 . Comparison of the post-treatment effects between the two groups observation group PI AI AI / PI VIP MTL GAS Th3 TGF-β CD3 + CD8 + . the improvement was better than that in the control group The difference was statistically significant P<0. 05 . Meanwhile the treated PA Hb ALB were higher than the control group with statistically significant differences P<0. 05 . Conclusion Immunonutritional support for rectal tumor patients receiving neoadjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy can promote cancer cell apoptosis inhibit cancer cell differentiation and proliferation improve nutritional status and gastrointestinal function and improve body immunity which is the preferred treatment mode for rectal tumor.
2025 Vol. 12 (1): 45-51 [Abstract] ( 70 ) HTML PDF (1569 KB)  ( 72 )
52 Prognostic correlation between preoperative nutritional index and skeletal muscle area and prognosis of patients with gastric cancer undergoing total gastrectomy
1Ming Fang,1Yu Yanzi,2Yu Yang
Objective To investigate the correlation between preoperative prognostic nutritional index PNI and skeletal muscle area SMA and prognosis of patients with gastric cancer after total gastrectomy. Method A total of 109 patients with gastric cancer who received total gastectomy in the Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University / Wuhan Sixth Hospital from March 2019 to December 2020 and were followed up to December 2023 were selected as the study subjects and set as the gastric cancer group and 54 healthy subjects were selected as the healthy control group. The changes of PNI and SMA between the two groups were compared. The expressions of PNI and SMA in different pathological features of gastric cancer patients were observed. Spearman method was used to analyze the correlation between PNI SMA and clinical features of gastric cancer patients. Cox proportional risk model was used to analyze the effects of PNI and SMA on 3 - year progression - free survival and overall survival of gastric cancer patients. Receiver operating characteristic ROC curve were drawn to analyze the area under the curve AUC sensitivity and specificity of SMA in predicting the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. Result PNI and SMA in gastric cancer group were lower than those in healthy control group P<0. 05 . The PNI and SMA of gastric cancer patients with stage Ⅲ low differentiation T3-T4 infiltration lymph node metastasis and vascular invasion were lower than those with stage Ⅰ to Ⅱ medium to high differentiation T1-T2 infiltration and no lymph node metastasis and vascular invasion P < 0. 05 . Correlation analysis showed that PNI and SMA were negatively correlated with clinical stage differentiation degree depth of invasion lymph node metastasis and vascular invasion P<0. 05 . Cox proportional risk model multivariate analysis showed that the decrease of SMA was an independent factor for 3-year progression-free survival in patients with total gastrectomy for gastric cancer P< 0. 05 . ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC sensitivity and specificity of SMA in predicting 3 -year progression -free survival of patients with total gastrectomy for gastric cancer were 0. 797 69. 90% and 83. 30% respectively. Conclusion PNI and SMA showed a significant downward trend in gastric cancer patients and their levels changed with the severity of the patient 's disease and affected the prognosis. Dynamic detection of their changes was conducive to providing guidance for clinical treatment and prognosis assessment. Decreased SMA was an independent factor for 3-year progression-free survival in patients with total gastrectomy for gastric cancer
2025 Vol. 12 (1): 52-59 [Abstract] ( 60 ) HTML PDF (1194 KB)  ( 66 )
60 Evidence summary on nutritional therapy of hospice care in cancer patients
1Li Yunrong,1Wang Tiantian,2Yang Bo,1Zhang Liuliu,1Zhi Xiaoxu,Zhao Yun
Objective To retrieve evaluate and summarize the best evidence of hospice nutritional therapy for cancer patients at home and abroad and to provide scientific basis for clinical hospice medical staff to choose the appropriate nutritional therapy strategy. Method According to the top-down principle of the evidence-based resource 6S model computer decision support systems guideline websites association official websites and databases were systematically searched for the relevant evidence on hospice nutritional therapy for cancer patients including clinical decision making guidelines evidence summaries systematic reviews best practice expert consensus meta-analysis randomized controlled trials. The search period was from the establishment of the databases to June 30 2024. Two researchers conducted quality evaluation and data extraction on the literature. Result A total of 18 articles were included including 9 guidelines 1 systematic review 3 clinical decisions 3 expert consensus and 2 randomized controlled trials. After extracting and integrating the evidence included in the literature a total of 28 best pieces of evidence were finally summarized from six aspects such as establishing a multidisciplinary nutritional therapy team nutrition risk screening and assessment nutritional therapy decision support comprehensive nutrition intervention complication management individualized nursing. Conclusion This study offers evidence-based guidance for health care professionals in selecting nutritional treatment strategies providing meaningful insights for enhancing the quality of hospice nutrition care for cancer patients.
2025 Vol. 12 (1): 60-67 [Abstract] ( 62 ) HTML PDF (1003 KB)  ( 98 )
68 Study on the relationship between dietary branched-chain amino acid intake and glucose lipid metabolism in patients with colorectal cancer
1,2Wang Ying,2Xue Hongmei,2Xie Ying,1,3Li Zengning
Objective To investigate the relationship between dietary branched-chain amino acid intake and glycolipid indices in patients with colorectal cancer in order to provide a theoretical basis for ameliorating glycolipid metabolism disorders in patients. Method Colorectal cancer patients were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria from the databases of the Multicentre Study on Nutritional Status and Clinical Outcomes of Common Malignant Tumors in China INSCOC study and the Current Status of Dietary Intake and Its Influencing Factors in Patients with Common Malignant Tumors. Dietary questionnaires general information laboratory indicators and other data were collected and analyzed using multiple linear regression and multifactorial Logistic regression. Result The results of the multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the average daily intake of branched-chain amino acids BCAA in the diet could significantly and negatively predict the levels of fasting blood glucose FPG total cholesterol TC and high - density lipoprotein cholesterol HDL - C . Abnormal total cholesterol and abnormal abnormal high density lipoprotein cholesterol HDL-C . Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that moderate and high intakes of various branched-chain amino acids in the diet were protective factors for the occurrence of FPG abnormalities. After adjusting for confounding the risk of abnormal TC was 2. 07 times higher in the moderate daily leucine intake group than in the low intake group and the protective factor was the moderate and high daily dietary branched-chain amino acid intake group. Triglyceride TG abnormalities were a protective factor in the medium and high daily intake groups of leucine and valine. The higher daily intake of isoleucine was the protective factor. Average daily intake of branched - chain amino acids was a protective factor for HDL - C abnormalities. The risk of abnormal low density lipoprotein cholesterol LDL-C was 3. 60 times higher in the moderate daily intake group than in the low intake group. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that a higher intake of branched - chain amino acids is more likely to be a protective factor for abnormalities of glycolipid metabolism in colorectal cancer patients with the moderate - intake group of AVG - Leu being a risk factor for TC abnormalities and the moderate-intake group of AVG-BCAA being a risk factor for LDL-C abnormalities.
2025 Vol. 12 (1): 68-75 [Abstract] ( 67 ) HTML PDF (1212 KB)  ( 35 )
76 The influence of multimodal pre-rehabilitation intervention based on the three-level diagnostic model of malnutrition on patients with colorectal cancer
Liu Jianrong, Qi Bing, Yang Xueni, Deng Wenjuan, Zhou Miao, Chen Yulin, Wang Duo, Zou Hao, Liu Huiling
Objective Explore the impact of a multimodal pre-rehabilitation intervention based on a tertiary diagnostic model of malnutrition on nutritional status gastrointestinal function and prognosis recovery in patients with colorectal cancer. Method According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria 224 colorectal cancer patients collected from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University between March 2021 and March 2024 were selected as the subjects of this study. Four of them were lost to follow-up. The final prognosis of 220 colorectal cancer patients. Follow the principle of sealed envelope method conduct random sampling for grouping it was divided into 2 groups. In the control group 110 patients were treated with a conventional rehabilitation intervention the observation group of 110 patients underwent a multimodal pre-rehabilitation intervention based on a tertiary diagnostic model of malnutrition. Two groups at 30 d after the intervention comparing the serum nutritional index physical and physical examination gastrointestinal barrier function and quality of life scale QLQ - C30 scores at the same time the incidence of postoperative complications during hospitalization was counted. Result After 30 d of corresponding intervention serum nutritional index physical and physical examination results gastrointestinal barrier function and QLQ-C30 scores improved compared with the same intervention P < 0. 05 . Comparing the two groups after intervention the improvement of Hb TP ALB DAO ET and D-LAC at 30 d after intervention was better than the control group P <0. 05 BMI TSF AMC and QLQ-C30 score scores were higher than the control group P <0. 05 and the postoperative complication rate 2. 73% vs 13. 64% was also lower than that of the control group P <0. 05 . Conclusion Multimodal pre-rehabilitation based on the tertiary diagnostic model of malnutrition can improve the postoperative intestinal barrier function and nutritional status of colorectal cancer patients reduce related complications and improve the quality of life which has significant significance for postoperative recovery.
2025 Vol. 12 (1): 76-82 [Abstract] ( 66 ) HTML PDF (902 KB)  ( 54 )
83 Construction and validation of a predictive model for nausea and vomiting risk in cancer chemotherapy patients
Wang Jingjing, Tang Ling
Objective To construct a predictive model for nausea and vomiting in tumor patients undergoing chemotherapy and to verify the predictive effect of the model. Method The clinical data of 322 tumor patients who received chemotherapy in Yancheng Third People's Hospital from May 2022 to May 2024 were collected for retrospective analysis. A total of 164 patients receiving chemotherapy in the hospital from May 2022 to June 2023 were selected as the modeling group and 158 patients receiving chemotherapy from July 2023 to May 2024 were selected as the validation group. Clinical data of patients were collected for retrospective analysis. Logistic regression was applied to establish the risk prediction model of nausea and vomiting in tumor chemotherapy patients receiver operating characteristic ROC curve was applied to evaluate the predictive effect of the model Hosmer-Lemeshow H-L was applied to test the goodness of fit of the model. Result In this study 92 of 164 patients had nausea and vomiting the incidence rate was 56. 10% Univariate analysis showed that age gender depression tumor primary site chemotherapy regimen tumor metastasis chemotherapy cycle and KPS score were statistically different between tumor chemotherapy patients with and without nausea and vomiting P < 0. 05 multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age OR = 4. 555 gender OR = 4. 316 chemotherapy regimen OR = 9. 473 tumor metastasis OR= 30. 379 chemotherapy cycle OR= 3. 823 KPS score OR= 5. 623 was a risk factor affecting the occurrence of nausea and vomiting P<0. 05 . The slopes of the calibration curves for both the modeling group and the validation group were close to 1. H-L test modeling group χ 2 = 7. 884 P = 0. 445 validation group χ 2 = 7. 356 P = 0. 499. The results of the ROC curve showed that the area under the ROC curve of the modeling group was 0. 919 and the sensitivity and specificity were 85. 87% and 90. 28% respectively the area under the ROC curve of the validation group was 0. 892 and the sensitivity and specificity were 90. 22% and 80. 56% respectively. Conclusion Age gender chemotherapy regimen tumor metastasis chemotherapy cycle and KPS score are all risk factors for nausea and vomiting in tumor chemotherapy patients. The constructed prediction model has good discrimination and validity and can provide a reference for the selection of treatment options for clinical tumor chemotherapy patients.
2025 Vol. 12 (1): 83-91 [Abstract] ( 84 ) HTML PDF (2002 KB)  ( 63 )
92 Analysis of the factors leading to postoperative malnutrition in patients with oral cancer
1Kuang Lixia,1Zhang Yu,1Wang Guangman,2Zhang Fangmin,1Yu Jingya,2Bi Xiaoqin
Objective To determine the factors that cause postoperative malnutrition in patients with oral cancer. Method A total of 420 patients with good preoperative nutritional status who underwent oral cancer surgery in the Department of Head and Neck Oncology at West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University from August 2023 to May 2024 were selected through convenience sampling and their information was collected. Nutritional assessment was performed adopting the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 NRS 2002 and Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition GLIM standards on the 7th day after the operation. Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors leading to postoperative malnutrition in patients with oral cancer. Result The prevalence of postoperative malnutrition in oral cancer patients was 50. 24%. Logistic regression analysis showed that male OR = 2. 575 95%CI = 1. 452- 4. 564 free flap transplantation OR = 2. 479 95% CI = 1. 158 - 5. 307 preoperative lymphocyte count OR= 0. 223 95%CI = 0. 139-0. 359 and preoperative total cholesterol OR = 0. 762 95%CI = 0. 596-0. 975 were independent influencing factors of postoperative malnutrition in oral cancer patients P< 0. 05 . Conclusion In the face of the high incidence of postoperative malnutrition in patients with oral cancer nutrition support teams should conduct dynamic screening and assessment of perioperative nutritional status of patients with oral cancer and provide targeted nutritional management to patients with high risk of malnutrition so as to prevent and reduce the occurrence and development of postoperative malnutrition in oral cancer patients.
2025 Vol. 12 (1): 92-98 [Abstract] ( 61 ) HTML PDF (911 KB)  ( 65 )
99 A prediction model of nutritional management and treatment response of lung cancer patients was constructed based on the nutritional status of lung cancer patients
Liang Siyan, Li Yi, Xu Qiong
Objective Explore the effect of the model construction based on the nutritional status of lung cancer patients in the nutritional management of lung cancer patients and establish a binary Logistic regression to analyze the prognostic factors. Method The clinical data of 178 cases of lung cancer admitted in Zhongshan Xiaolan People's Hospital from April 2021 to April 2024 were selected for retrospective analysis group according to the time points taking December 2022 as the cut-off point of the 89 patients who received routine nutritional support before December 2022 and served as controls 89 patients who received nutritional management after December 2022 constructed based on nutritional status as the observation group after comparing the differences between nutritional indicators and human composition indexes recount the occurrence of patient complications Divided into two groups according to the presence of presence that is the better prognosis group n = 146 no complications have occurred Group with poor prognosis n = 32 complications occur After comparing the two groups of general data Prognostic factors were influenced by the binary Logistic regression analysis. Result In the observation group and the control group albumin total protein hemoglobin PG-SGA score visceral fat area body fat percentage skeletal muscle and protein index all improved compared with the same group P <0. 05 however albumin 46. 39 ± 4. 58 g / L total protein 62. 49 ± 3. 58 g / L hemoglobin 116. 68 ± 7. 78 g / L visceral fat area 80. 35 ± 4. 68 cm 2 body fat percentage 25. 57 ± 2. 51 % skeletal muscle 26. 85 ± 2. 31 kg protein 9. 85 ± 1. 26 kg was higher than the control group P <0. 05 The PG-SGA score 3. 86 ± 1. 78 score was lower than that of the control group P < 0. 05 The difference between nutrition index and human composition index in the observation group was also better than that in the control group P <0. 05 . Meanwhile by binary Logistic regression analysis clinical stage IV and routine nutritional support were independent factors affecting the prognosis of lung cancer patients P <0. 05 . Conclusion The nutritional management intervention based on the nutritional status of lung cancer patients is effective and can improve the nutritional status. However clinical stage IV and routine nutritional support will adversely affect the prognosis of lung cancer patients so the nutritional support should be reasonably selected for the more severe patients
2025 Vol. 12 (1): 99-104 [Abstract] ( 61 ) HTML PDF (875 KB)  ( 34 )
105 L-carnitine inhibits skeletal muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia via the AMPK/ mTOR/ FOXO1 signaling pathway
Wang Li, Tong Ning, Huo Zhenyu, Lu Zongliang, Li Na, Xu Hongxia
Objective This study aimed to elucidate the role of the AMPK signaling pathway in interleukin-6 IL-6 -induced skeletal muscle atrophy and to evaluate the inhibitory effect of L-carnitine LC on tumor cachexia-induced skeletal muscle atrophy as well as whether this effect is mediated through the AMPK signaling pathway. Method C2C12 myoblasts were induced to atrophy with 200 ng / ml IL-6 to establish an in vitro cellular model of tumor cachexia-induced skeletal muscle decline. The experiment was divided into control group IL-6 group and IL-6+LC treatment group to observe the effects of LC on the prevention and treatment of tumor cachexia-induced skeletal muscle atrophy C2C12 cells were stained with crystal violet to assess the effect of LC on myotube atrophy RT-PCR was used to detect the transcription levels of p70S6K MuRF1 and Atrogin - 1 to assess the effect of LC on tumor cachexia-induced skeletal muscle decline Western blot analysis was used to examine the expression and phosphorylation levels of AMPK/ mTOR/ FOXO1 signaling pathway proteins in C2C12 cells to explore the possible mechanism by which LC alleviates IL- 6- induced skeletal muscle decline. An in vivo tumor cachexia model was established by intraperitoneal injection of colon cancer MC38 cells in 8-week-old C57 mice. The experiment was divided into MC38+LC group and MC38+ddH2O group with daily intragastric administration of 5 mg / kg LC or an equivalent volume of ddH2O. The mice's physical fitness muscle strength and serum IL-6 levels were tested by open field test grip strength test and ELISA respectively. Result In vitro compared to the control group the IL-6 group showed a reduction in myotube diameter P< 0. 05 upregulation of MuRF1 and Atrogin- 1 transcriptional levels P<0. 05 increased phosphorylation of AMPK P<0. 05 and decreased phosphorylation of mTOR p70S6K and FOXO1 P<0. 05 with LC reversing these effects. In vivo mice in the MC38+LC group exhibited increased movement distance 178. 29% P<0. 05 enhanced muscle strength 62. 74% P< 0. 05 and lower serum IL - 6 levels P< 0. 05 compared to the MC38 + ddH2O group. Conclusion L-carnitine may inhibit interleukin-6-induced tumor cachexia skeletal muscle decline through the AMPK/ mTOR/ FOXO1 signaling pathway.
2025 Vol. 12 (1): 105-114 [Abstract] ( 63 ) HTML PDF (5967 KB)  ( 199 )
115 The association of socioeconomic status with quality of life in gastrointestinal cancer patients
Zheng Xite, Li Quanmei, Liu Fen
Objective To examine the quality of life QoL among patients with gastrointestinal cancer GIC in China and to explore the association between overall socioeconomic status SES and QoL. Method Data were derived from the Investigation on Nutrition Status and Its Clinical Outcome of Common Cancers INSCOC . Patients with GIC from October 2013 to October 2023 were selected. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 EORTC QLQ-C30 was used for QoL assessment. A linear regression model was applied to analyze the relationship between SES and QoL. Result A total of 12 006 GIC patients were included with a mean QoL summary score of 86. 77 ± 12. 04. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that overall SES was positively correlated with the QoL summary score b = 1. 89 P < 0. 001 b = 1. 94 P < 0. 01 functional scale b = 14. 90 P < 0. 001 b = 17. 75 P < 0. 001 and global health status/ QoL b = 3. 21 P < 0. 001 b = 4. 19 P < 0. 001 and negatively correlated with symptom scale / item scores b = -21. 01 P < 0. 001 b = -26. 28 P < 0. 001 . The associations between the three SES indicators and QoL summary score functional scale global health status/ QoL and symptom scale / item were similar to the overall SES. However employment status was not significantly associated with global health status/ QoL. Conclusion The QoL of patients with GIC in China needs improvement. Social and economic support should be strengthened to enhance their quality of life.
2025 Vol. 12 (1): 115-122 [Abstract] ( 67 ) HTML PDF (3762 KB)  ( 37 )
123 The ratio of L3 paravertebral muscle index to white ball predicts the potential value of dystrophy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Li Hong, Qiao Kehong, Shang Xiaofeng
Objective Explore the relationship between skeletal muscle index at the third lumbar vertebra L3 -SMI and white ball ratio and advanced non-small cell lung cancer NSCLC malnutrition to clarify the efficacy of L3 -SMI and white ball ratio to predict severe malnutrition status in patients with advanced NSCLC. Method Data of 217 advanced NSCLC patients collected in Taiyuan Central Hospital from February 2021 to February 2024 were divided into two groups according to PG - SGA score namely severe malnutrition group n = 43 grade C and non-severe malnutrition n = 174 grade A+B comparing the demographics and clinical characteristics of the two groups univariate and binary Logistic regression analysis to affect independent factors of patients ' malnutrition using nomogram analysis model L3 -SMI and A/ G ratio by ROC curve analysis. Result Compared with non -severe malnutrition later clinical stage higher age and lower A/ G ratio L3 -SMI in severe malnutrition P<0. 05 . Further binary Logistic regression analysis indicated that clinical stage Ⅳ older age lower A/ G ratio and lower L3 -SMI were independent factors affecting severe malnutrition in advanced NSCLC patients. The nomogram was constructed from independent factors with C- index of 0. 99 model threshold probability range from 1% to 99% with net yield> 0 absolute agreement between true and predicted values of 0. 011 and prediction model AUC of 0. 942 95% CI 0. 879 - 0. 999. Meanwhile by the ROC curve analysis the A/ G ratio and L3 - SMI predicted the AUC of severe malnutrition in advanced NSCLC were 0. 919 and 0. 908 respectively. Conclusion L3 -SMI and A/ G ratio is the main evaluation index of severe malnutrition in patients with advanced NSCLC which has high prediction efficacy. At the same time clinical stage of advanced and late are also independent factors that induce severe malnutrition in patients. By focusing on monitoring the change of L3 - SMI and A/ G ratio levels it can detect body abnormalities in time to intervene and improve the prognosis.
2025 Vol. 12 (1): 123-129 [Abstract] ( 56 ) HTML PDF (977 KB)  ( 37 )
130 Research progress on the nutritional literacy of colorectal cancer chemotherapy patients
Ran Xiaofang, Wu Yin, Zhang Tao, Wang Jiwei, Zheng Xilan
In recent years the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer have continued to rise and chemotherapy has become one of the important treatment methods for colorectal cancer. With the release of the National Nutrition Plan 2017 - 2030 the nutritional literacy level of patients has gradually attracted the attention of medical staff and improving the nutritional literacy of patients has become one of the important factors affecting the prognosis of colorectal cancer chemotherapy patients. Although scholars have different opinions on the definition of nutritional literacy they all emphasize the individual 's mastery of nutrition - related knowledge cultivate their ability to make decisions on nutrition-related issues and use relevant information to make correct nutrition decisions. At the same time as the core content of nutritional intervention there are differences in education and cognitive levels among different populations resulting in low nutritional literacy levels which affect individual health and development. This article reviews the conceptual framework research status evaluation tools and intervention models of nutritional literacy of colorectal cancer chemotherapy patients in order to optimize the management of nutritional literacy level of patients by medical staff improve the nutritional literacy level of colorectal cancer patients and improve the chemotherapy effect and tumor prognosis of patients.
2025 Vol. 12 (1): 130-135 [Abstract] ( 74 ) HTML PDF (858 KB)  ( 135 )
136 Research progress of ceRNA regulatory network related positive feedback loop in gastric cancer
1Chen Yuhao,1Han Jingxiang,1Gao Linna,1Gao Huiyang,2Yao Tian,1,2Huang He
Gastric cancer severely affects human health and has become a significant health issue of global concern. In its complex pathogenesis genetic regulatory networks play an important role. Among them the competitive endogenous RNA ceRNA regulatory network is an important field of research. This network involves the interaction between various types of RNA molecules including mRNA miRNA lncRNA and circRNA etc. They precisely control gene expression through complex regulatory mechanisms thereby affecting the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. Positive feedback loops are indispensable signaling mechanisms within biological systems they accelerate or amplify specific biological processes by cyclically enhancing initial signals. They play a crucial role not only in cell growth development and response to various physiological and pathological stimuli but also participate in the occurrence and development of tumors in many ways such as promoting the proliferation and invasion of tumor cells changing the tumor microenvironment and increasing the chemoresistance of tumor cells. Positive feedback loops also exist within the ceRNA regulatory network. These loops potentially drive the occurrence and development of gastric cancer by amplifying specific signals to regulate key processes such as cell proliferation apoptosis migration and invasion. Therefore in - depth study of the positive feedback loops related to the ceRNA regulatory network is of great significance for revealing the pathogenesis of gastric cancer and discovering new potential therapeutic targets. This article reviews the role and molecular mechanisms of ceRNA - related positive feedback loops in gastric cancer and looks forward to their application prospects in the treatment of gastric cancer.
2025 Vol. 12 (1): 136-142 [Abstract] ( 68 ) HTML PDF (1603 KB)  ( 49 )
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