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| Research progress on the regulation of metabolic diseases by the S100 protein family |
| 1Bao Xianrong,2Huang Shenglan,2Yang Lixiao,2Zhang Jie,1Cen Yunyun,1Xu Pengyuan |
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The Second Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming 650101
Yunnan China
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the Second Clinical School Kunming Medical University Kunming 650021 Yunnan China |
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Abstract The S100 protein family is a group of calcium-dependent regulatory proteins widely distributed across various cells and
tissues playing roles in numerous physiological and pathological processes. In recent years the involvement of S100 proteins in
metabolic diseases especially obesity type 2 diabetes and non - alcoholic fatty liver disease has attracted considerable
attention. Research indicates that S100 proteins regulate energy balance and insulin resistance by modulating key cellular signaling
pathways including inflammation fat metabolism and insulin signaling. Members such as S100A8 / A9 S100B and S100A4 interact
with receptors like receptor for advanced glycation end products and Toll-like receptor-4 activating downstream inflammatory pathways
that affect immune responses and metabolic dysregulation. Additionally changes in the expression of S100 proteins in organs like
adipose tissue liver and pancreas further exacerbate the progression of metabolic diseases. Despite these insights the specific
molecular mechanisms and clinical applications of S100 proteins in metabolic diseases still require further investigation. This review
summarizes the research progress on the role of the S100 protein family in metabolic diseases and discusses its potential as a therapeutic
target providing theoretical foundations for future diagnostic and treatment strategies.
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