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肠道微生态与化疗疗效的相关性
孜瓦热古丽·努尔,方若欣,廖正凯
武汉大学中南医学肿瘤放化疗科/湖北省肿瘤生物学行为重点实验室/湖北省肿瘤医学临床研究中心, 武汉 430071
The correlation between intestinal microecology and the efficacy of chemotherapy
ZIWAREGULI Nur, FANG Ruo-xin,LIAO Zheng-kai
Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University / Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors / Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
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摘要 人体的肠道菌群之间存在共生或拮抗关系,并形成了独特的肠道微生态系统。在经过了长期的协同进化之后,肠道菌群与人体间形成了密切的共生关系,参与人体的多种重要生理活动,因此,保持肠道菌群的平衡对人体健康至关重要。人体肠道菌群结构的形成取决于多种因素,如饮食、性别、分娩方式、宿主遗传特征、宿主生活方式、疾病的发生和抗生素的暴露等。健康人的肠道菌群以大肠埃希菌、双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌、变形杆菌为主,在正常生理状态下,这些细菌保持着种类和数量上的动态平衡,它们不仅可以保护肠道上皮细胞,还在宿主的生命活动中参与免疫、营养、生物拮抗、延缓衰老和抗肿瘤等生理过程。肠道菌群可以通过激活抗肿瘤细胞因子、调节肠道微环境和维持基因组稳定等途径抑制肿瘤的发展并调节炎症反应。不仅如此,完整的肠道菌群还有利于抗癌药物药效的发挥。肠道菌群通过菌群易位、免疫调节、代谢、酶降解、多样性减少和微生态变化来影响化疗的疗效及毒性。同时,化疗会显著影响肠道菌群的组成,破坏肠道微生态平衡,加重患者的不适感。越来越多的证据表明肠道细菌可以影响化疗的疗效或毒副反应,而且通过调节肠道微生态可能提高化疗疗效和降低毒性。本文就肠道菌群与化疗疗效和副反应的关系予以综述。
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孜瓦热古丽·努尔
方若欣
廖正凯
关键词 肠道菌群肿瘤治疗化疗    
Abstract:There is a symbiotic or antagonistic relationship between human intestinal flora, and a unique intestinal microecosystem is formed. After a long period of co-evolution, intestinal flora and human body have formed a close symbiotic relationship, and participate in many important physiological activities of the human body. Therefore, maintaining the balance of intestinal flora is essential to human health. The formation of human intestinal flora structure depends on many factors, such as diet, sex, mode of delivery, host genetic characteristics, host lifestyle, disease occurrence and antibiotic exposure. Escherichia coli, bifidobacteria, Lactobacillus and Proteus are the main intestinal flora in healthy people. Under normal physiological conditions, these bacteria maintain a dynamic balance of species and quantity. They can not only protect intestinal epithelial cells, but also participate in the physiological processes of immunity, nutrition, biological antagonism, anti-aging and anti-cancer in the life activities of the host. Intestinal flora can inhibit the occurrence and development of tumors and regulate inflammation by activating anti-tumor cytokines, regulating intestinal microenvironment and maintaining genomic stability. Moreover, the complete intestinal flora is also conducive to the development of anti-cancer drugs. Intestinal flora can affect the efficacy and toxicity of chemotherapy through flora translocation, immune regulation, metabolism, enzymatic degradation, diversity reduction and microecological changes. At the same time, chemotherapy can significantly affect the composition of intestinal flora, destroy the balance of intestinal microecology, and aggravate the discomfort of patients. More and more evidences show that intestinal bacteria can affect the efficacy or toxicity of chemotherapy, and that intestinal microecology may improve the efficacy and reduce toxicity of chemotherapy. This article reviews the relationship between intestinal flora and the efficacy and side effects of chemotherapy.
Key wordsGastrointestinal microbiome    Cancer therapy    Chemotherapy
    
基金资助:吴阶平医学基金会临床科研专项资助基金 (320.6750.17111)
通讯作者: 廖正凯,电子邮箱: zliao@whu.edu.cn   
引用本文:   
孜瓦热古丽·努尔,方若欣,廖正凯. 肠道微生态与化疗疗效的相关性[J]. 肿瘤代谢与营养电子杂志, 2019, 6(2): 161-166.
ZIWAREGULI Nur, FANG Ruo-xin,LIAO Zheng-kai. The correlation between intestinal microecology and the efficacy of chemotherapy. Electron J Metab Nutr Cancer, 2019, 6(2): 161-166.