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2025 Vol. 12, No. 5
Published: 2025-10-09
 
509 Research advances on bioactive components from Semen Ziziphi Spinosae and clinical applications of formula
Li Zengning, Guo Yan
Semen Ziziphi Spinosae ZSS a natural medicinal and edible plant with a long history of use contains diverse phytochemicals such as saponins flavonoids alkaloids and fatty acids among which saponins e. g. jujubosides A and B have been most extensively studied. These phytochemicals exhibit a wide range of biological activities including sedative - hypnotic neuroprotective anti-inflammatory antioxidant antiarrhythmic antiplatelet aggregation lipid-lowering antitumor hypoglycemic and metabolic regulatory effects. Bioactive components of ZSS have demonstrated health-promoting functions such as improving sleep alleviating anxiety and depression enhancing learning and memory modulating immunity and combating oxidative stress. Moreover they show significant therapeutic potential across multiple disease models such as neurological disorders e. g. seizures Alzheimer􀆶 s disease Parkinson􀆶 s disease cardiovascular diseases e. g. arrhythmias coronary atherosclerosis infections inflammatory conditions malignancies e. g. lung breast and colorectal cancers and metabolic disorders e. g. diabetes polycystic ovary syndrome . In recent years the application of traditional compound formulas and the development of new products using food-medicine homologous substances have seen rapid progress. This review summarizes the pharmacology and underlying mechanisms of ZSS bioactive components providing a reference for future scientific investigations. Current research and development of these bioactive components remain at a preclinical stage necessitating further fundamental studies and clinical trials to validate their efficacy and safety thereby facilitating in-depth exploration and utilization in healthcare applications.
2025 Vol. 12 (5): 509-515 [Abstract] ( 33 ) HTML PDF (4406 KB)  ( 31 )
516 Progress in research on the role and mechanism of phytochemicals in inhibiting the onset and development of colorectal tumors
1Fan Qunbin,1Cai Dieyi,2Qin Liqiang
Colorectal cancer CRC is the third most common tumor worldwide. Phytochemicals naturally occurring in plants have emerged as a research focus in colorectal cancer CRC due to their potential anti - tumor activities. Numerous studies have demonstrated that phytochemicals such as polyphenols e. g. resveratrol soy isoflavones catechin sulfur-containing compounds and quinones e. g. allicin isothiocyanate and terpenoids e. g. phytosterols can inhibit the initiation and progression of CRC through diverse molecular mechanisms. These mechanisms involve the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation induction of apoptosis and autophagy anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and modulation of tumor immune microenvironment metabolic reprogramming and gut microbiome homeostasis. Furthermore certain phytochemicals can enhance the sensitivity of CRC to chemotherapy and radiotherapy while mitigating their associated side effects. However the clinical application of phytochemicals for CRC management faces challenges including unclear mechanisms low bioavailability unobvious dose - dependent effects and concerns regarding long-term safety. Future research should integrate methodologies such as artificial intelligence novel drug delivery systems structural optimization and precision medicine. Furthermore high - quality randomized controlled clinical trials should be used to verify the potential effects of phytochemicals in the prevention and adjuvant therapy of CRC.
2025 Vol. 12 (5): 516-523 [Abstract] ( 33 ) HTML PDF (5756 KB)  ( 9 )
524 The multi-target mechanism and therapeutic strategies of the anti-tumor effects of phytochemicals
1Liu Chenyu,2Ni Xiaorong,2Liang Yi
In recent years cancer has become one of the major public health challenges worldwide due to its high incidence and mortality rates. Traditional treatment methods such as surgery chemotherapy and radiotherapy have played significant roles in tumor treatment but they still have notable side effects and strong drug resistance. Against this backdrop secondary metabolites from plants have become a continuous research focus in the field of tumor chemoprevention and the development of new anti-cancer drugs thanks to their natural biocompatibility multi - target regulatory properties and low systemic toxicity. This review systematically summarizes the types of plant compounds their anti - tumor mechanisms applications in cancer prevention combined treatment strategies and pharmacokinetic characteristics based on relevant research literature on plant compounds' anti - tumor effects and discusses future research trends and challenges in clinical translation.
2025 Vol. 12 (5): 524-534 [Abstract] ( 31 ) HTML PDF (7614 KB)  ( 10 )
535 Mechanisms of action and nutritional intervention strategies of plant compounds regulating metabolic reprogramming in tumors research progress and perspectives
Xiang Xinyu, Song Dingka, Li Xiaoguang
Tumor metabolic reprogramming is one of the most critical scientific questions in cancer research which is characterized by tumor cells supporting malignant proliferation and metastasis by remodeling themselves and microenvironmental metabolic pathways. In recent years the potential role of plant compounds for tumor metabolism intervention have been unraveled due to their diverse biological activities and multi-targeting ability. Recent studies have shown that plant compounds is beneficial in the metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells by regulating the activity of critical metabolic enzymes inhibiting aberrant signaling pathways remodeling tumor microenvironment thereby inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis. In this paper we systematically reviewed the latest research of plant compounds in tumor metabolic regulation focusing on their effects on core metabolic pathways such as glycolysis oxidative phosphorylation lipid metabolism amino acid metabolism and analyzed their mechanism of action in tumor microenvironment. We also summarized current challenges for the clinical translation of plant compounds including limited delivery strategies complexed mechanisms etc. Basing on multi - omics technology nano - delivery as well as other cutting - edge technologies we are looking forward to the clinical application of plant compounds in cancer prevention and treatment in the future.
2025 Vol. 12 (5): 535-541 [Abstract] ( 32 ) HTML PDF (4523 KB)  ( 9 )
542 The role of nutrition and lifestyle in healthy longevity
1Xu Qing,2Li Yaqi
As global aging accelerates achieving healthy longevity has become a focal point of current research. This article aims to review the impact of nutrition and lifestyle factors on healthy longevity with a focus on key elements such as dietary patterns physical activity sleep smoking and alcohol consumption. Dietary patterns significantly influence healthy longevity. Traditional diets in longevity regions—such as the Mediterranean Nordic and Okinawan diets—as well as modern healthy dietary patterns like the DASH diet are associated with lower mortality rates and increased health spans. Plant-based diets in particular help maintain lower lipid levels and improve cardio metabolic health and cognitive function. In terms of lifestyle adequate physical activity and high - quality sleep are crucial for extending lifespan. There is a dose-response relationship between physical activity and all-cause mortality with approximately seven hours of sleep being the optimal duration for longevity. Additionally Smoking significantly reduces healthy life expectancy whereas the relationship between alcohol consumption and health exhibits a "J-shaped" curve although this remains a subject of ongoing debate. Comprehensive interventions involving nutrition and lifestyle can significantly extend healthy life expectancy by 8~ 10 years. Current studies are mostly based on Western populations lacking cross -cultural long -term cohort evidence and evaluation methods rely on subjective reports. Future research should integrate digital technologies for precise monitoring optimize multi-dimensional intervention strategies and focus on the applicability for populations experiencing functional decline in order to promote the achievement of healthy aging goals.
2025 Vol. 12 (5): 542-547 [Abstract] ( 21 ) HTML PDF (3830 KB)  ( 21 )
548 The application value of artificial intelligence in nutritional management focusing on elderly and cancer patients
1Liu Chengyu,2Lu Xinlian,1Yu Jianchun
Artificial intelligence AI is being increasingly applied in the healthcare field gradually extending to nutritional management and offering new solutions to the global challenge of malnutrition among elderly and cancer patients. Traditional nutritional management methods are often inefficient subjective and difficult to personalize. Through machine learning natural language processing and multimodal data analysis AI enables efficient and precise nutritional screening assessment intervention and monitoring. In the area of nutritional screening and assessment AI-based automated tools such as a facial image recognition model can quickly identify high-risk patients. Multidimensional data-driven predictive models contribute to more accurate determination and grading of nutritional status. In the intervention phase AI technology is used to explore the relationships between individual datagenomic microbial metabolomic and behavioral-and nutritional influences thereby designing personalized dietary and nutritional support plans. For monitoring and prognosis AI utilizes technologies such as image recognition and wearable devices to track nutritional status in real time and dynamically adjust intervention strategies. Machine learning models can also predict complications survival rates and changes in physical function based on nutritional indicators assisting in clinical prognosis evaluation. Although AI shows great potential in nutritional management it still faces challenges such as insufficient data standardization and ethical privacy concerns. Future efforts should focus on constructing high-quality multi-center datasets developing interpretable algorithms and validating clinical applications to promote the standardized and scalable use of AI in nutritional management ultimately improving patients' quality of life and health outcomes.
2025 Vol. 12 (5): 548-553 [Abstract] ( 36 ) HTML PDF (5432 KB)  ( 7 )
554 Expert consensus on post - radiotherapy nutritional management for esophageal cancer patients in primary healthcare institutions
Chinese Society of Nutritional Oncology Committee of Grassroots Oncology Prevention and Treatment Sichuan Preventive Medicine
Esophageal cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract and radiotherapy is a key treatment modality. However patients often face the risk of malnutrition after radiotherapy which severely impacts prognosis. Standardized nutritional intervention can significantly improve patients ' quality of life and treatment outcomes. Yet in primary healthcare institutions challenges such as insufficient medical resources low accessibility of nutritional support and varying patient awareness hinder effective nutritional management. Currently there is a lack of unified guidelines for post - radiotherapy nutritional care for esophageal cancer patients in primary healthcare settings in China. To address this an expert panel has developed this consensus document by referencing existing guidelines consensus statements and relevant domestic and international literature. The core recommendations including nutritional screening and assessment nutritional education dietary management nutritional therapy complication management follow - up care and exercise rehabilitation. This consensus aims to provide standardized guidance for nutritional management in esophageal cancer patients after radiotherapy in primary healthcare institutions.
2025 Vol. 12 (5): 554-566 [Abstract] ( 32 ) HTML PDF (7951 KB)  ( 12 )
567 Effect and mechanism of guanylate binding protein 5 in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Li Ruibiao,Li Yaru,Zhao Weiwei,Yu Wenjuan,Zhang Xianyu,Ma Huan,Tian Long
Objective Investigate the effect of guanylate binding protein GBP 5 expression on the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma HNSCC by observing the expression of GBP5 and immune - infiltrating cells in tumor and stromal cells. Method The correlation between GBP5 and immune-infiltrating score was analyzed by bioinformatics. 87 patients treated with HNSCC in the radiotherapy department of the first affiliated hospital of Hebei North University from August 2019 to January 2023 were analyzed retrospectively. Immunohistochemistry was used to observe the expression of GBP5 and programmed death-ligand 1 PDL1 flow cytometry was examined to immune-infiltrating cells. Result There was positive correlation between immune-infiltrating score and GBP5 which was screened from TCGA database. In tumor and stromal cells the positive expression rate of GBP5 was 58. 6% 51 / 87 and 42. 5% 37 / 87 respectively with significant difference in statistics χ 2 = 16. 805 P<0. 001 . There were statistically significant differences in pTNM stage PD-L1 between the positive and negative expressions of GBP5 all P<0. 05 . The levels of CD3 CD4 CD8 CD20 and CD68 in the positive expression of GBP5 were higher than those in the negative expression of GBP5 in stromal cells while the former was obviously lower than that in the latter in CD163 all P< 0. 05 . The expression of GBP5 was associated with PD-L1 expression CD8 CD68 cells respectively all P<0. 05 . Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the negative expression of GBP5 in stromal cells HR = 4. 66 was a poor factor for HNSCC prognosis P = 0. 005 however the negative expression of GBP5 in tumor cells and positive expression of GBP5 in stromal cells HR= 0. 04 CD68 HR= 0. 21 were protective factors for HNSCC all P<0. 05 . The sensitivity of CD68 level combined with GBP5 expression in stromal cells in evaluating the prognosis of HNSCC was 0. 82 the specificity was 0. 90 AUC was 0. 81 which was good diagnostic ability P< 0. 05 . The median tumor-specific survival rate of the positive expression of GBP5 was significantly better than that of the negative expression of GBP5 1620 d vs. 850 d HR = 0. 15 95% CI = 0. 05- 0. 42 P = 0. 001 . Stratified analysis showed that the median tumor-specific survival rate was optimal for the negative expression of GBP5 in tumor cells combined with positive expression of GBP5 in stromal cells 1620 d . In the analysis of high-level of CD68 subgroup the median tumor-specific survival rate was better in positive expression of GBP5 than that in negative expression of GBP5 in stromal cells 1620 d vs. 850 d . In the analysis of the subgroup with high and low expressions of PD-L1 the median tumor-specific survival rate in the positive expression of GBP5 was significantly longer compared to the negative expression of GBP5. Conclusion The expression of GBP5 in stromal cells might be closely related to CD68 levels which may serve as a supplementary marker for negative expression of PD-L1 compared to that in tumor cells.
2025 Vol. 12 (5): 567-578 [Abstract] ( 27 ) HTML PDF (18434 KB)  ( 7 )
579 Relationship between perioperative immunonutritional factors and prognosis of patients with new-onset bladder cancer
1Wu Tianjun,2Zeng Song,2Li Shuai,2Wang Yicun,2Hu Xiaopeng
Objective To investigate the prognostic value of the controlling nutritional status COUNT score and the Prognostic nutritional index PNI in predicting the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer BC . Method A retrospective analysis was conducted on 360 patients with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder who underwent surgical treatment in the Department of Urology Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Capital Medical University from January 2012 to December 2018. The COUNT score and PNI were calculated for each patient. The Spearman rank correlation test was used to determine the correlation between the two indicators. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was plotted and the effects of log-rank test univariate analysis and Cox regression multivariate analysis on overall survival OS and tumor-specific survival CSS were evaluated. Result There was a negative correlation between COUNT score and PNI r = -0. 505 P<0. 001 and high COUNT score and low PNI predicted lower survival rate. Meanwhile the Log-Rank test showed that the OS and CSS of patients in the high COUNT score and low PNI group were significantly reduced. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that high COUNT score HR = 2. 472 95% CI = 1. 213- 5. 040 P = 0. 013 and low PNI HR = 2. 760 95%CI = 1. 303-5. 848 P= 0. 008 were independent risk factors for OS. High COUNT score HR= 3. 136 95%CI = 1. 417-6. 940 P= 0. 012 and low PNI HR = 2. 619 95% CI = 1. 178 - 5. 825 P = 0. 018 were also independent risk factors affecting CSS. Conclusion There is a significant correlation between the COUNT score and PNI. A higher COUNT score and a lower PNI during the perioperative period are independent risk factors for poor prognosis in BC patients.
2025 Vol. 12 (5): 579-586 [Abstract] ( 25 ) HTML PDF (6250 KB)  ( 3 )
587 A joint model study for dynamically predicting the survival of patients after radical gastrectomy based on longitudinal data of serum total protein
1Zhang Cheng,2Jin Lian,2Wang Jiayi,2Ma Tai
Objective To investigate the association between the longitudinal dynamics of serum total protein TP and postoperative survival outcomes in patients undergoing radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Method Patients with adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal junction who underwent D2 radical surgery between 2010 and 2022 were enrolled. Longitudinally measured TP levels during follow-up were recorded and patient survival status and duration were ascertained via cause-of-death verification or telephone follow-up. Cluster analysis of oncological characteristics was performed using the K-prototype algorithm. In the joint model a linear mixed model was adopted for the longitudinal sub - model and a Cox proportional hazards model was used for the survival sub - model. This joint model aimed to explore the interaction between TP and oncological characteristic subgroups analyze the impact of temporal trends in TP changes during follow-up on survival and dynamically predict individual survival probabilities. Result A total of 601 patients were enrolled with a median follow-up duration of 5. 74 years. Among these 438 patients were followed up until death with a median survival time of 2. 18 years. Cluster analysis revealed two oncological characteristic clusters cluster A was featured by more advanced tumor stages poorer differentiation and an increased risk of neural and vascular invasion. The joint model demonstrated that the interaction between oncological characteristic subgroups and time - varying TP levels represents a critical determinant of postoperative survival. Notably a negative association was observed between TP levels and mortality in cluster A. Conclusion Serum TP levels following radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer exhibit a subgroup - specific negative association with mortality. Regular monitoring of TP may offer valuable insights for optimizing nutritional support and prognostic management.
2025 Vol. 12 (5): 587-593 [Abstract] ( 24 ) HTML PDF (6274 KB)  ( 8 )
594 CVAI is more closely associated with risk of colorectal cancer than traditional obesity indicators
1,2Lu Yi,1Dai Shilong,1Wang Mingjun,1Zhou Jing,1,2Hao Junying,1Zhang Qingsong
Objective To investigate the association between Chinese visceral adiposity index CVAI and the risk of colorectal cancer CRC . Method In-service and retired employees who participated in the health checkup of Kailuan Group in 2006 were selected for this study and 98 311 participants were finally included. According to the tertile of CVAI the study subjects were divided into CVAI1 group ≤75. 36 CVAI2 group 75. 36~ 108. 30 and CVAI3 group >108. 30 . Participation in a physical examination was used as the starting point for follow-up and study participants were followed up with newly diagnosed CRC as the outcome event and the occurrence of the outcome event death or the end of the follow-up time as the follow-up endpoint. The cumulative incidence of CRC in each group was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the incidence curves were plotted and the log-rank test was used for comparison between groups. The Cox proportional risk regression model was used to analyze the hazard ratio HR and 95% confidence interval CI of CRC incidence by different CVAI. The receiver operating characteristic curve ROC of the subjects was established and the predictive performnce of CVAI and traditional obesity indices for CRC was compared by calculating the area under the ROC curve AUC of CVAI visceral adiposity index VAI body mass index BMI and waist circumference WC . Result As the CVAI increased the cumulative incidence of CRC increased and the difference was statistically significant by log-rank test χ 2 = 72. 84 P< 0. 001 . The results of multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression model analysis showed that after correcting for relevant confounders the risk of CRC incidence was increased by 1. 27-fold 95%CI = 1. 02 ~ 1. 58 in the CVAI3 group compared with that in the CVAI1 group respectively. AUCCVAI = 0. 66 0. 64~ 0. 68 AUCWC = 0. 65 0. 63~ 0. 66 AUCBMI = 0. 65 0. 63 ~ 0. 66 AUCVAI = 0. 65 0. 63 ~ 0. 66 AUCCVAI > AUCWC AUCVAI AUCBMI . Conclusion Higher CVAI level is an independent risk factor for CRC and the risk of CRC increases with increasing CVAI CVAI has a higher predictive ability for CRC than VAI BMI and WC.
2025 Vol. 12 (5): 594-601 [Abstract] ( 27 ) HTML PDF (7205 KB)  ( 7 )
602 Predictive value of preoperative serum Ang-2 and Gal-3 for the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing thoracoscopic
1Gu Jiarong,1Wang Xinlian,1Yu Zheng,1Lu Bin,2Zhao Dingting
Objective To explore the predictive value of preoperative serum levels of angiopoietin Ang - 2 and galactin - 3 Gal-3 in the prognosis evaluation of non-small cell lung cancer NSCLC patients after thoracoscopic. Method A total of 92 NSCLC patients who underwent thoracoscopic from January 2019 to January 2021 in our hospital were regarded as the study subjects. According to the follow-up results they were separated into a recurrent group n = 34 and a non recurrent group n = 58 . Serum Ang-2 and Gal-3 levels were detected using ELISA method. The correlation between Ang-2 and Gal-3 levels in the serum of NSCLC patients was analyzed using Pearson 's method. Logistic regression was applied to analyze the relevant factors affecting the prognosis of NSCLC patients. ROC curve was applied to evaluate the predictive value of serum Ang - 2 and Gal - 3 levels for the prognosis of NSCLC patients. Result Compared with the non recurrent group the serum Ang- 2 and Gal- 3 level in the recurrent group increased P< 0. 05 . Pearson correlation analysis results showed a obvious positive correlation between serum Ang-2 and Gal-3 levels in NSCLC patients r = 0. 503 P< 0. 001 . There were no significant differences in smoking history presence of nerve invasion presence of vascular invasion pathological type age intraoperative blood loss or operation time between the recurrence group and the non - recurrence group P>0. 05 . However there was a obvious difference P<0. 05 in TNM staging and differentiation degree. TNM staging differentiation degree serum Ang - 2 and Gal - 3 levels were all influencing factors for postoperative recurrence in NSCLC patients P<0. 05 . The combined prediction of serum Ang-2 and Gal-3 for the prognosis of NSCLC patients had an AUC of 0. 965 sensitivity of 88. 24% and specificity of 98. 28% which was better than Ang-2 and Gal-3 alone prediction Z combination - Ang-2 = 3. 221 P= 0. 001 Z combination - Gal-3 = 2. 063 P= 0. 039 . Conclusion In NSCLC patients serum Ang-2 and Gal-3 levels are elevated and can serve as auxiliary serum markers for evaluating the prognosis of thoracoscopic in NSCLC patients.
2025 Vol. 12 (5): 602-608 [Abstract] ( 24 ) HTML PDF (4800 KB)  ( 6 )
609 Analysis of latent profile analysis and influencing factors of demoralization in lung cancer patients
Gao Ya, Zhou Feng, Hou Jinjin
Objective To explore the status of demoralization in lung cancer patients and analyze the influencing factors of different profile categories. Method A total of 150 lung cancer patients diagnosed and treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from April 2023 to September 2024 were continuously included as the research subjects by the convenience sampling method. They were surveyed by using the basic information questionnaire the disorientation scale and the family care index questionnaire. The latent profile analysis of the characteristics of demoralization syndrome in lung cancer patients was conducted and the influencing factors of the latent profile analysis of demoralization syndrome were explored through single - factor combined with Logistic regression analysis. Result 150 valid questionnaires were collected. The average age was 61. 09±9. 42 years including 112 males 74. 67% and 38 females 25. 33% . The demoralization of lung cancer patients was divided into three latent profile analysis categories high desensitization group medium desensitization group and low desensitization group. The average probability of lung cancer patients belonging to each latent profile analysis was 0. 964 0. 950 0. 964 respectively. Univariate analysis showed that family income level place of residence presence of comorbidities family function and body mass index had statistically significant differences in the groups of lung cancer patients with demoralization P < 0. 05 . Conclusion There is heterogeneity of demoralization in lung cancer patients and it is affected by family income level place of residence comorbidities family function and body mass index. Clinical staff should identify the characteristics of different categories of patients and actively adopt countermeasures for patients with high desensitization of lung cancer so as to reduce their desensitization status as much as possible and reduce the occurrence of chain reactions such as psychological pain and life-weariness caused by desensitization.
2025 Vol. 12 (5): 609-615 [Abstract] ( 27 ) HTML PDF (4373 KB)  ( 3 )
616 Analysis of the trajectory of critical weight loss changes and influencing factors in head and neck cancer patients during radiotherapy
1Liu Meizi,1Gao Fei,3Wu Zitong,2An Ran,3Chen Wenfeng
Objective To investigate the trend of critical weight loss during radiotherapy in head and neck cancer patients and to analyze its influencing factors. Method A historical cohort study design was used. Head and neck cancer patients treated with radiotherapy in Xiangya Hospital Central South University were enrolled for the research from September 2021 to October 2023. A self-developed data collection tool was used to collect information about the study subjects before radiotherapy T0 at week 1 T1 week 2 T2 week 3 T3 week 4 T4 week 5 T5 and week 6 T6 after the start of radiotherapy. Factors influencing the trajectory of critical weight loss were analyzed using generalized estimated equation. Result A total of 575 head and neck cancer patients were included in this study and the incidence of critical weight loss was 1. 22% 6. 43% 14. 61% 24. 87% 37. 39% and 52. 52% at T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 and T6 respectively. The generalized estimated equation analysis revealed that clinical stage with stageⅠ as reference ORⅡ = 3. 685、 ORⅢ = 3. 520、 ORⅣ = 3. 792 baseline BMI with BMI < 18. 5 kg / m 2 as reference OR24. 0~ 28. 0 kg / m 2 = 2. 832、OR≥28. 0 kg / m 2 = 3. 481 and albumin level OR = 0. 943 were significant predictors P< 0. 05 for critical weight loss trajectories during radiotherapy in head and neck cancer patients. Conclusion The incidence of critical weight loss in head and neck cancer patients is on the rise with the prolongation of radiotherapy cycles. Healthcare professionals should dynamically monitor weight changes in head and neck cancer patients during radiotherapy with prioritized implementation of multi - level nutritional interventions for patients with advanced-stage disease high BMI or low albumin levels to reduce the incidence of malnutrition.
2025 Vol. 12 (5): 616-624 [Abstract] ( 32 ) HTML PDF (5399 KB)  ( 3 )
625 Study on the prognostic value of serum uric acid concentration in elderly gastric cancer patients
Yan Jiang, Yao Guozhong, Wu Jianjun, Zhu Chuming
Objective This study aims to examine the potential of blood uric acid concentration as a prognostic indicator for elderly patients with gastric cancer. Method 100 cases of elderly patients with gastric cancer were selected from February 2017 to February 2022 in our hospital. The patients were divided into two groups based on their prognosis a good group 60 cases and a poor group 40 cases . All the patients' case data were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The two groups were compared in terms of their general data including age gender body mass index disease duration family history of tumor smoking history low-density lipoprotein LDL high-density lipoprotein HDL carcinoembryonic antigen CEA carbohydrate antigen 19- 9 CA19- 9 blood uric acid concentration tumor diameter tumor stage history of radiotherapy and history of surgical treatment. The impact of various factors on the prognosis of elderly patients with gastric cancer was evaluated. The patients were classified into two groups based on their blood uric acid levels with the low uric acid group comprising those with lower levels and the high uric acid group comprising those with higher levels. The survival rates of patients with different uric acid levels were then compared using Kaplan - Meier survival analysis. Additionally logistic regression analysis Spearman analysis and ROC curve analysis were conducted. Result There were no significant differences between the two groups in age gender body mass index disease duration family history of cancer smoking history LDL HDL tumor diameter tumor stage history of radiotherapy or chemotherapy or history of surgical treatment P > 0. 05 . However statistically significant differences were observed in CEA CA19 - 9 and serum uric acid levels P < 0. 05 . Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a higher mortality rate in elderly gastric cancer patients with elevated serum uric acid levels with statistically significant differences in survival outcomes compared to the low uric acid group P< 0. 05 . Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that serum uric acid levels >420 μmol / L constituted an independent risk factor for prognosis in elderly gastric cancer patients OR = 2. 177 P<0. 05 . Spearman's analysis demonstrated a moderate linear correlation between serum uric acid levels and prognosis in elderly gastric cancer patients r = 0. 612 P < 0. 05 . ROC curve analysis demonstrated that serum uric acid levels possess certain predictive value for prognosis in elderly gastric cancer patients AUC = 0. 877 sensitivity = 86. 76% specificity = 75. 23% P < 0. 05 . Conclusion Serum uric acid levels are closely associated with the prognosis of elderly gastric cancer patients with a uniform cutoff value of 420 μmol / L. Elevated levels may indicate a poor prognosis for elderly gastric cancer patients and clinically more comprehensive treatment plans can be developed for elderly gastric cancer patients with elevated serum uric acid levels.
2025 Vol. 12 (5): 625-630 [Abstract] ( 24 ) HTML PDF (4202 KB)  ( 6 )
631 Awareness and usage of a dietary guide by cancer patients and clinicians a national survey study
1Zhang Xi,1Dai Xiangting,1Huang Jiaxin,2Yuan Peng,1Li Ning,3Yu Kang,4Ling Yiqun,5Ye Wenfeng,6 Wang Kun,7 Fang Yu,8Yao Qinghua,9Yu Huiqing,10 Gao Shuqing,11Li Jufang,12 Kong Yongxia,13 Guo Zengqing,14Z
Objective This study aims to evaluate the current implementation status influencing factors and optimization pathways of the 􀆵Dietary Guide for Cancer Patients guidelines among cancer patients and clinicians. Method This survey was organized by the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and 14 other medical centers across the country and included 504 patients with cancer and 238 clinicians. Based on the Delphi method the survey was conducted using separate questionnaires related to the 􀆵Dietary Guide for Cancer Patients comprising patient- and clinician-specific questionnaires. Result A total of 504 patients with malignant tumors and 238 clinical physicians were included. Approximately 35. 12% of patients with cancer and 78. 15% of clinicians were aware of the dietary guide. Cancer patients with time of tumor onset ≥3 years 41. 05% and those engaged in education of healthy diet 49. 40% demonstrated higher awareness of the dietary guide. Similarly clinicians with senior professional titles 90. 48% and ≥10 years experience 90. 63% in oncology nutrition showed greater knowledge of the guide. The primary pathway to understand the guide were the internet TV and radio 49. 15% for patients with cancer and institution-sponsored training 66. 67% among clinicians. The primary dietary guide item of concern for cancer patients was balanced diet and moderate exercise 82. 54% followed by increased intake of protein -rich foods 71. 03% and vegetables fruits and plant -origin foods 70. 04% . In terms of recommended intakes of nutrients protein 85. 32% was the main concern for patients followed by energy requirements 60. 32% . Approximately 65. 87% of the patients received dietary prescriptions from their providers and 82. 23% of these patients deemed the prescriptions effective. The survey revealed that 97. 41% of the clinicians believed that dietary guide training should be conducted regularly with a preference for online training courses. Clinicians primarily applied the dietary guide in public science communication 79. 57% followed by professional training 64. 52% and education and scientific research 26. 34% . Conclusion The "Dietary Guide for Cancer Patients" standard is highly accepted among clinicians but remains insufficiently popularized among patients necessitating the adoption of differentiated promotion strategies to enhance awareness of the standard. Furthermore it is imperative to elaborate on the guideline entries that patients prioritize while intensifying the promotion of less attention-grabbing entries in order to elevate the prescription rate and utilization of dietary prescriptions.
2025 Vol. 12 (5): 631-642 [Abstract] ( 30 ) HTML PDF  (0 KB)  ( 3 )
643 Perioperative use of Shengmaiyin oral solution to promote rapid recovery in tumor patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy a randomized controlled clinical study
1Yan Wenlong,1Wang Tingyun,2Liu Yi,3Liu Guokai,4Dong Xichen,1Ding Chao
Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Shengmaiyin oral solution in promoting rapid recovery during the perioperative period in cancer patients and to explore its clinical value in enhanced recovery after surgery . Method From May 2023 to May 2024 400 cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy were recruited from the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Shanxi Cancer Hospital Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and Guang' anmen Hospital of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group received Shengmaiyin oral solution during the perioperative period on top of routine postoperative treatment. Primary outcomes included quality of life QOL scores on postoperative days 1 7 and 14. Secondary outcomes included the time to first flatus time to first defecation drainage tube removal time and length of hospital stay. Result The QOL scores on postoperative days 1 7 and 14 were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group P<0. 05 . The time to first flatus and first defecation in the experimental group was earlier than in the control group with statistically significant differences P<0. 05 . There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of drainage tube removal time and length of hospital stay P> 0. 05 . The incidence of adverse events was not significantly different between the two groups P>0. 05 . Conclusion Shengmaiyin oral solution combined with standard care can promote rapid recovery during the perioperative period in cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy demonstrating good safety and efficacy.
2025 Vol. 12 (5): 643-650 [Abstract] ( 29 ) HTML PDF (4955 KB)  ( 44 )
651 Establishment and validation of a machine learning algorithm-based model for predicting the risk of early enteral nutritional aspiration in neurosurgical intensive care patients
Wu Ping, Zhou Xianglin
Objective Constructing a predictive model for early enteral nutrition aspiration risk in critically ill neurosurgical patients based on machine learning algorithms and verifying its predictive performance. Method A retrospective study was conducted on 322 critically ill neurosurgical patients admitted to Zhangjiagang Aoyang Hospital from January 2023 to December 2024. The patients were randomly divided into a modeling group n = 258 and a validation group n = 64 in a 4 ∶ 1 ratio using the retention method. Collect clinical data from patients screen key variables through LASSO regression analysis conduct multiple factor analysis based on relevant risk factors use machine learning algorithms to construct an early enteral nutrition aspiration risk prediction model and verify the performance of the model. Result This study included 322 patients of whom 87 experienced aspiration with an incidence rate of 27. 02%. LASSO regression analysis identified a total of 9 key variables. Multivariate analysis results showed that age consciousness status mechanical ventilation smoking history NRS 2002 score and number of comorbidities were independent risk factors for early enteral nutrition aspiration in critically ill neurosurgical patients P < 0. 05 . Based on this 6 machine learning models were constructed. Receiver working characteristic curve analysis results showed that the area under the curve of the modeling and validation groups of the 6 machine learning models was>0. 7 with the XGBoost model having the highest predictive performance The decision curve analysis results show that within the high -risk threshold range of 0-1. 0 all six models can achieve higher standardized net returns compared to those with and without intervention The ten fold cross validation results showed that there was no significant fluctuation in the area under the curve of the six machine learning models indicating good model fitting. Conclusion A prediction model for early enteral nutrition aspiration risk in critically ill neurosurgical patients based on machine learning algorithms is relatively accurate in predicting aspiration risk. Among them XGBoost has the best predictive performance but considering clinical practicality and convenience it is recommended to build a prediction model based on Logistic algorithm which is second only to XGBoost in performance in order to formulate corresponding preventive measures and reduce aspiration risk in clinical practice.
2025 Vol. 12 (5): 651-660 [Abstract] ( 30 ) HTML PDF (9012 KB)  ( 2 )
661 Construction and validation of a nomogram model for postoperative intra - abdominal infection in gastrointestinal cancer patients
1Ning Jing,2Zhou Fangfang,2Lyu Shuhong,3Bao Xiaojian
Objective To analyze the risk factors for postoperative intra-abdominal infection IAI in gastrointestinal cancer GIC patients then construct and validate the nomogram model . Method A total of 230 GIC patients who admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to December 2023 were selected as the study group. According to a ratio of 7 to 3 patients were randomly divided into a modeling group of 161 cases and a validation group of 69 cases. Based on modeling group data Lasso-logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of postoperative IAI in GIC then construct and validate the nomogram model. Result Lasso regression screened five non - zero coefficient indicators which were diabetes ASA grade > grade Ⅱ combined organ resection operation time and preoperative CONUT score. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ASA grade >Ⅱ combined organ resection surgery time≥4. 5 hours and preoperative CONUT score≥5 were independent risk factors for postoperative IAI in GIC patients all P<0. 05 . Based on the above indicators a nomogram model was constructed. The ROC curve showed that the AUC for predicting IAI in the modeling group and validation group patients were 0. 829 95% CI = 0. 759 - 0. 899 and 0. 862 95% CI = 0. 725 - 0. 999 . The calibration curve indicated that the model had good consistency between the predicted probability and the actual probability in the modeling group and validation group. The decision curve indicated that the model had a wide range of clinical net benefits in the modeling and validation groups. Conclusion The nomogram developed in this study can effectively identify high-risk postoperative IAI patients in GIC and can be used to guide clinical practice.
2025 Vol. 12 (5): 661-669 [Abstract] ( 26 ) HTML PDF (8575 KB)  ( 7 )
670 Conceptual analysis of nutritional influence symptoms in tumor patients
Wei Yaqin, Yu Li, Fang Jie, Wang Ling, Wang Tingting, Sun Cailu, Li Huiyu
This article systematically retrieves the literature related to nutritional impact symptoms from China National Knowledge Infrastructure CNKI Wanfang Database Chinese Biomedical Literature Database VIP Database Pubmed Embase Web of Science and CINAHL database analyzes and elaborates on the definition and connotation of nutritional impact symptoms. The search period is from the establishment of the database to April 2024. The Walker and Avant conceptual analysis methods were applied to analyze and integrate the definition attributes predisposing factors and aftereffects of symptoms affected by nutrition in tumor patients. A total of 32 literatures met the criteria. The definition attributes of symptoms affected by nutrition are multi-dimensional persistent dynamically changing and cumulative burden. The predisposing factors include patient factors disease factors and supporting factors The aftereffects include an increased risk of malnutrition a decline in quality of life adverse clinical outcomes and an increased economic burden. The symptoms of nutritional impact in cancer patients manifest as a complex and comprehensive process influenced by multiple aspects such as the individual and the external environment which has a negative impact on the clinical outcomes of the patients. In nursing a multi-dimensional intervention approach should be adopted to identify nutritional risks at an early stage and play an active role in improving the symptoms of nutritional impact.
2025 Vol. 12 (5): 670-675 [Abstract] ( 30 ) HTML PDF (4314 KB)  ( 7 )
676 Research progress on the obesity paradox in tumor radiotherapy
1Liu Yuxin, 2Lyu Jiahua
The designation of " Weight Management Year " has stimulated substantial discourse on obesity. While obesity constitutes an established risk factor for various malignancies its association with radiotherapeutic efficacy manifests a paradoxical phenomenon termed the " obesity paradox" in oncologic radiotherapy. This paradox poses a challenge to traditional public health perceptions. Emerging evidence indicates that obese patients may demonstrate enhanced radiosensitivity. Yet obesity can adversely influence therapeutic outcomes through alterations in the tumor microenvironment and modulation of radiotherapy - related adverse effects. In addition to the body mass index which is a conventional clinical indicator used to define obesity more detailed body composition analyses based on computed tomography scans can also be employed to assess obesity. Emerging evidence suggests that the distribution of adipose tissue in different regions of the body may have a complex and sometimes contradictory relationship with the prognosis of obese cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Consequently a comprehensive elucidation of these complex interactions is imperative for optimizing radiotherapy protocols and improving patient prognoses. This review aims to evaluate the impact of the obesity paradox on radiotherapeutic efficacy formulate clinical strategies for addressing the obesity paradox and delineate future research directions.
2025 Vol. 12 (5): 676-684 [Abstract] ( 29 ) HTML PDF (9179 KB)  ( 7 )
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