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2022 Vol. 9, No. 4
Published: 2022-08-09
 
408 Interpretation of Guidelines for nutritional treatment pathways for adult patients in China PEG/ J
Zhang Juanjuan,Da Binlin,Wang Zhiming
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy / jejunostomy PEG/ J is a pathway of tube feeding which is a minimally invasive surgery placing PEG/ J tube under an endoscope. PEG/ J which is recommended by many internal and overseas guidelines and consensus has become the preferred method of enteral nutrition for long - term tube feeding due to its simple operation fewer complications good tolerability and low hospitalization costs and its clinical application is gradually increasing. In order to prevent the continuous deterioration of the nutritional status for patients and improve the quality of their life early treatment of PEG/ J is recommended when the patient is unable to eat or eat less due to the disease of nervous system head and neck tumor digestive system and so on. In clinical application there are controversies about the contraindications of PEG/ J how to adjust anticoagulant drugs during perioperative period whether to use prophylactic antibiotics before operation postoperative care and so on. Therefore this article interprets the Guidelines on Nutrition Therapy Pathway for Adult patients in China and proposes suggestions on the clinical indications contraindications perioperative management operational approach and prevention of complications offering guidance for the application of PEG/ J in clinical practice contributing to making optimal choice in nutritional treatment pathways for adults patients according to the latest consensus
2022 Vol. 9 (4): 408-413 [Abstract] ( 436 ) HTML PDF (1228 KB)  ( 465 )
414 Interpretation of Guidelines for nutritional treatment pathways for adult patients in China esophageal stent
1 Liu Hui,2 Liu Ming,3 Jiang Hua
Many diseases can cause esophagus stenosis such as various trauma radioactive factors cautery esophageal cancer etc which can cause irreversible damage to the esophagus which can cause obstruction or perforation in severe cases patients could be prone to dysphagia and unable to eat solid food or even liquid food Then malnutrition occurs and the quality of life is significantly reduced. The emergence of various types of esophageal stents can not only solve the problem of patients􀆳 fistulas but also play a supporting role thereby restoring patients􀆳 normal diet and improving the quality of life of patients with esophageal cancer. Different types of esophageal stents from stainless steel metal stents memory metal stents to drug magnesium alloy degradable stents can bring good news to patients with esophageal injury caused by various reasons profit maximization. The Expert Consensus on Nutritional Therapy Pathways for Malignant Tumors in China compiled by the Cancer Nutrition Pathway Group of the Cancer Nutrition Professional Committee of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association has been published. This article mainly interprets the consensus on esophageal stents from the aspects of the progress classification indications and complications of esophageal stents
2022 Vol. 9 (4): 414-417 [Abstract] ( 252 ) HTML PDF (819 KB)  ( 384 )
418 Assessment methods and clinical significance of muscle parameters in patients with tumor
Xu Yuchen,Liao Zhengkai
恶性肿瘤已成为严重威胁人类健康的主要公共卫生问题之一。 肿瘤患者的营养状况不仅影响生活质量,而且与其 治疗效果、并发症和临床结局密切相关。 合适的肌肉参数可反映肿瘤患者的营养水平和机体状况,指导患者的诊疗过程以及 防治可能出现的并发症。 但是,由于缺乏统一的评估标准,临床工作中往往对几种方式难以取舍。 目前,常用的肌肉评估方 式各有利弊且容易混淆。 因此,本文总结了检测肌肉参数的常用方法,介绍并探讨了不同方法的优势与不足,归纳了肿瘤患 者肌肉参数评估的临床意义。 计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像具有较高的准确性,在临床上应用较广,是通过影像学评估肌 肉质量的常用方法。 握力测量操作简便,常用于评估肌肉力量。 而对于肌肉功能的评估,临床上较常使用的是综合性较强 的简易体能状况量表评分,以期帮助临床工作者全面而系统地评估肌肉状况,重视肌肉参数在肿瘤患者治疗过程中的重要 意义。
2022 Vol. 9 (4): 418-422 [Abstract] ( 331 ) HTML PDF (853 KB)  ( 242 )
423 Potential negative effects of short-chain fatty acids in the treatment of colorectal cancer
Feng Min, Zhang Liang, Guan Wenxian
Current studies mostly emphasize the beneficial role of short-chain fatty acids SCFAs in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer such as reducing the incidence of colorectal cancer by inhibiting chronic intestinal inflammatory response providing energy to intestinal epithelial cells and maintaining intestinal mucosal epithelial homeostasis. In addition SCFAs can inhibit the proliferation of colon cancer cells by antagonizing histone deacetylases HDACs . By activating caspase-3 signaling pathway tumor cell apoptosis can be promoted and anti-tumor immunity can be activated which has therapeutic effects on colorectal cancer. However recent epidemiological studies have shown that elevated levels of some SCFAs in the blood of colorectal cancer patients are risk factors for the development of colorectal cancer. Further studies showed that intestinal supplementation of butyric-producing bacteria promoted the development of colorectal cancer in mice and the cancer-promoting effect was inhibited by knockdown of the butyric-producing gene of bacteria. In other clinical studies high levels of butyric acid have been found in the blood of tumor patients to inhibit ipilimumab induced T cells and interleukin-2 IL-2 infiltration and reduce the efficacy of cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4 CTLA4 antibody in tumor treatment. These studies suggest that SCFAs play a beneficial role in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer under certain conditions beyond which there will be negative effects. Therefore when applying SCFAs in clinical work for the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer it is necessary to guard against the negative effects of inappropriate application of SCFAs.
2022 Vol. 9 (4): 423-427 [Abstract] ( 265 ) HTML PDF (1572 KB)  ( 228 )
428 Application of tumor metabolism in the treatment of solid tumors by chimeric antigen receptor T cells
1Zhao Tingyu， 2Rezhayiding Niyazi， 1 Liu Lingxiang
CAR-T cell therapy is a cutting-edge effective and rapidly evolving adoptive cell immunotherapy that recognizes tumor cell surface antigens independently of major histocompatibility complexes thereby reducing immune escape due to loss of tumor cell MHC-associated antigen presentation. Although it has been applied in blood cancer and made remarkable achievements its application in solid tumors is still affected by some adverse factors. Metabolism is one of the detrimental factors a set of basic cellular processes that not only sustain cell survival and proliferation but also serve as a means for cells to adapt to their local environment. Massive competition for nutrients such as carbohydrates and amino acids generated by tumor cell metabolism in the tumor microenvironment coupled with immunosuppression leads to mitochondrial dysfunction failure and subsequent CAR-T cell depletion leading to failure of CAR-T cell therapy. Elucidating cellular intrinsic and extrinsic factors that inhibit CAR-T cell function in solid tumors will facilitate the development of immunotherapy to establish a more durable and effective response in patients. In this review we briefly review the application of tumor metabolism-related immunosuppressive factors in CAR-T cell therapy as well as recent advances and strategies to improve the metabolic adaptability and antitumor activity of CAR-T cells in vivo and in vitro.
2022 Vol. 9 (4): 428-437 [Abstract] ( 299 ) HTML PDF (1822 KB)  ( 364 )
438 Application of sarcopenia imaging measurement in prognosis evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma
1Dong Dong，2Li Yu，2Wang Nanya
Hepatocellular carcinoma HCC is one of the most common malignancy tumors worldwide and an important reason of cancer-related death. Various options for HCC treatment including surgery resection transcatheter arterial chemoembolization TACE ablation therapy liver transplantation and drug therapy have greatly improved the survival of patients. However the patients with the same stage and the same treatment have a great difference in response to treatment and prognosis. It is not only related to the heterogeneity of the tumor itself but also closely related to the different physical state nutrition status and tolerance to treatment of patients. In recent years multiple studies have shown that sarcopenia is an independent predictor of survival in HCC patients and the quantitative measurement of skeletal muscle is a key factor in the diagnosis of sarcopenia and the evaluation of its severity. Moreover the rapid development of imaging measurement technology has greatly improved the accuracy of evaluation and has more guiding significance for clinical decision-making which has become a new research focus. Therefore this review will summarize the research progress of imaging measurement of sarcopenia in HCC patients and explore their roles in the prognostic evaluation of HCC.
2022 Vol. 9 (4): 438-444 [Abstract] ( 254 ) HTML PDF (911 KB)  ( 285 )
445 Advances and future development directions of nutritional oncology in 2021
Chinese Society of Nutritional Oncology
Reasonable nutrition therapy is closely related to the treatment and prognosis of tumor patients which is not only helpful to improve the quality of life of tumor patients and reduce the complications but also can reduce the treatment cost. The survey results of the Professional Committee of Tumor Nutrition Therapy of China Anti-Cancer Association show that the overall malnutrition incidence rate of inpatient tumor patients in tertiary hospitals in China is 80. 4% while the nutrition treatment rate of malnourished patients is only 33. 7%. The current lack of attention to nutrition diagnosis and treatment of tumor patients and the lack of high-level clinical evidence-based evidence seriously restrict the standardized diagnosis and treatment of tumor patients and the improvement of the overall diagnosis and treatment of tumor. 2021 based on the continuous efforts of scholars at home and abroad the epidemiology of nutritional status of malignant tumor patients the improvement of malnutrition assessment and diagnosis the recommendation of dietary structure tumor nutrition treatment and predictive index and the special population These researches have provided high - level and precise evidence-based medical evidence for the clinical problems that exist and need to be solved and have made the development direction of the field of oncology nutrition clearer.
2022 Vol. 9 (4): 445-449 [Abstract] ( 520 ) HTML PDF (821 KB)  ( 583 )
450 The standards for standardized demonstration ward of cancer integrated rehabilitation treatment Trial
Chinese Society of Nutritional Oncology Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation
Cancer integrated rehabilitation therapy aims to help cancer patients obtain the maximum physical social psychological and vocational functioning. It can not only reduce the negative effects of various adverse reactions in the process of cancer treatment but also significantly improve the quality of life. Multidisciplinary cancer rehabilitation team is the clinical practice basis of cancer integrated rehabilitation. The team members include clinician traditional Chinese physician nurses nutritionists exercise therapists/ rehabilitation physiotherapists psychological counseling / psychotherapists/ psychiatrists case manager etc. The key technologies involve screening evaluation treatment and efficacy evaluation of nutrition exercise psychology and symptom and make rehabilitation plans for symptom management. The establishment of standardized demonstration ward of cancer integrated rehabilitation treatment will help to implement the diagnosis and treatment norms of multi-mode integrated rehabilitation nutrition exercise psychology and symptom management into clinical practice improve the level of rehabilitation treatment improve the quality of life and prolong the survival of cancer patients.
2022 Vol. 9 (4): 450-455 [Abstract] ( 396 ) HTML PDF (1092 KB)  ( 537 )
456 Clinical value of NLR combined with AGR in evaluating the prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Wu Dan,Zhou Lili, Shi Haiyan
Objective To investigate the correlations between neutrophil - to - lymphocyte ratio NLR as well as albumin - to - globulin ratio AGR and overall survival OS of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma ESCC patients and evaluate the prognostic value of their combination. Method A total of 144 ESCC patients who were initially diagnosed and treated with surgical resection in our institution from January 2015 to December 2019 were included in this study and their data of laboratory test and postoperative followup were retrospectively collected and analyzed. The best thresholds of NLR and AGR were determined by receiver operation characteristics ROC curve and the area under curve AUC value was used to evaluate their predictive performance. The prognostic values of NLR and AGR for ESCC patients were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier method and the multivariate Cox regression analysis. Result According to the ROC curves the optimal cut-off values of NLR and AGR for survival prediction of ESCC patients were 1. 45 and 1. 48 respectively. The AUC values of NLR and AGR were 0. 713 95% CI = 0. 628 - 0. 797 and 0. 673 95% CI = 0. 584 - 0. 761 respectively. Kaplan-Meier curves indicated that the median OS of patients with high NLR >1. 45 and low NLR ≤1. 45 was 51. 8 months 95%CI = 36. 2-67. 3 and 20. 1 months 95%CI = 14. 1-26. 2 with a significantly statistical difference χ 2 = 20. 474 P<0. 001 . In contrast preoperative low AGR <1. 48 was significantly associated with poor OS of ESCC patients median ·456· 肿瘤代谢与营养电子杂志 2022 年 8 月 9 日第 9 卷第 4 期 Electron J Metab Nutr Cancer, Aug. 9, 2022, Vol. 9, No. 4 OS 22. 5 months 95%CI = 15. 1 - 29. 9 vs 43. 3 months 95% CI = 25. 7 - 60. 8 χ 2 = 6. 749 P = 0. 009 . The univariate and multivariate Cox analysis identified lymph node metastasis HR = 3. 626 95% CI = 2. 152- 6. 110 P< 0. 001 NLR HR = 1. 960 95%CI = 1. 198-3. 207 P= 0. 007 and AGR HR= 1. 791 95%CI = 1. 099-2. 920 P= 0. 019 as independent prognostic factors for ESCC patients. Additionally we found that the prognosis of ESCC patients could be further stratified by the combination of NLR and AGR 0 point NLR≤1. 45 and AGR≥1. 48 1 point NLR>1. 45 or AGR<1. 48 2 point NLR > 1. 45 and AGR<1. 48 . The higher score the poorer OS in ESCC patients. The median OS of patients with 0 1 and 2 points were 56. 6 months 95%CI = 40. 2- 67. 3 29. 9 months 95%CI = 20. 1-39. 8 and 18. 2 months 95%CI = 12. 1-24. 3 respectively. There were significant survival differences between different patient groups 0 vs 1 point χ 2 = 6. 795 P= 0. 009 0 vs 2 points χ 2 = 19. 529 P<0. 001 1 vs 2 points χ 2 = 7. 011 P = 0. 008 . Conclusion NLR and AGR were identified as sensitive predictors of prognostic assessment and their combination could provide a proper prognostic stratification for ESCC patients.
2022 Vol. 9 (4): 456-462 [Abstract] ( 166 ) HTML PDF (2390 KB)  ( 167 )
463 Improving the nutritional status of elderly patients with liver cancer after drug-eluting beads transcatheter aterial chemoembolization with comprehensive nutritional management
1Hou Jingyue,2 Li Jie,3Meng Yang,1 Ji Hong,3 Yang Liyuan,1Fu Qingjiang,1Zhang Junfeng
Objective To explore the application effect of whole course comprehensive nutrition management in elderly patients with liver cancer after drug-eluting beads transcatheter aterial chemoembolization DEB-TACE . Method Taking the elderly patients with liver cancer who underwent DEB-TACE in the Department of hepatobiliary surgery and geriatrics of our hospital from April 2019 to April 2021 as the research object 48 cases in the control group from April 2019 to April 2020 before the implementation of the whole process comprehensive nutrition management 56 cases in the experimental group from May 2020 to April 2021 after the implementation of the whole process comprehensive nutrition management 4 cases in the control group and 6 cases in the experimental group. The control group received routine nutritional treatment after liver cancer embolization and the experimental group adopted the whole process nutritional comprehensive management mode. The patients􀆳 body mass index NRS 2002 score nutritional index feeding standard rate complication rate and quality of life were observed at admission 7 days and 1 month after operation. Result The BMI feeding standard rate gastrointestinal complications metabolic complications physiological and functional status of quality of life in the experimental group were better than those in the control group and the difference was statistically significant P< 0. 05 There was no significant difference in NRS 2002 score hemoglobin albumin total protein mechanical complications social and family status and functional status in quality of life P>0. 05 There were significant differences in BMI albumin total protein and physiological status one month after operation compared with those at admission and seven days after operation P< 0. 05 . Conclusion The whole course comprehensive nutrition management can improve the nutritional status of elderly patients with liver cancer after drug loaded microspheres embolization over time so as to improve the quality of life of patients
2022 Vol. 9 (4): 463-468 [Abstract] ( 226 ) HTML PDF (844 KB)  ( 206 )
469 Relationship between sleep-wake disturbance and malnutrition in patients with liver cancer
Qian Cheng,Sun Hui, Xu Tingting
Objective To investigate the relationship between sleep-wake disturbance and malnutrition in patients with liver cancer. Method A total of 122 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma into our hospital from October 2019 to October 2021 were chosed as the research objects. Before treatment the nutritional status was assessed by the Royal Free Hospital - Nutritional Prioritizing Tool RFH-NPT which was divided into 74 cases in the malnutrition group 2-7 points and 48 cases in the normal nutrition group 0- 1 point . The sleep status was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index PSQI PSQI > 7 indicated sleep-wake disturbance. Result Univariate comparison showed that the malnutrition group had older age longer course of disease higher tumor TNM stage lower body mass index BMI less serum albumin level higher total score of PSQI and more incidence of sleep-wake disturbance P < 0. 05 . Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age TNM stage and sleep-wake disturbance were the risk factors of malnutrition in patients with liver cancer P<0. 05 . Spearman test showed that RFH-NPT score was positively correlated with PSQI score r = 0. 390 P< 0. 001 . Conclusion The incidence of malnutrition in patients with liver cancer is high which is related to patients􀆳 age TNM stage and sleep-wake disturbance Evaluating the nutritional status and sleep-wake disturbance of patients with liver cancer is of great significance to guide clinical treatment.
2022 Vol. 9 (4): 469-473 [Abstract] ( 185 ) HTML PDF (1880 KB)  ( 184 )
474 Predictive value of CTCs combined with PLR for recurrence and metastasis of cervical cancer patients
Qiu Ping, Chen Guoying, Shi Shulan
Objective This study aims to investigate the correlations between circulating tumor cells CTCs count and clinicopathologic characteristics and the prognosis of cervical cancer patients and to further explore the predictive value of CTCs combined with platelet to lymphocyte ratio PLR for the recurrence and metastasis in cervical cancer patients. Method This analysis included 113 FIGO stage ⅠB-ⅡA patients who underwent surgical resection for cervical cancer in our hospital from September 2016 to September 2018. The CTCs of each patient were identified and counted and their correlations with the clinicopathological characteristics of cervical cancer patients was analyzed. All patients were reclassified into different research groups based on the CTCs PLR and their combination. The 3-year disease-free survival DFS of cervical cancer patients in different groups was calculated by the KaplanMeier curves and the log-rank test was used to compare the survival differences between various groups. Result On the basis of the definition of positive CTCs all cervical cancer patients were divided into CTCs ≤1 and CTCs >1 groups. The analytic results indicated that CTCs >1 were significantly associated with cervical adenocarcinoma χ2 = 8. 054 P= 0. 018 myometrium invasion ≥1 / 2 χ 2 = 5. 512 P= 0. 019 FIGO IIA stage χ 2 = 4. 484 P= 0. 034 high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ≥2. 20 χ 2 = 4. 341 P= 0. 037 and PLR ≥130. 4 χ 2 = 4. 240 P= 0. 039 . The 3-year DFS of patients with CTCs ≤1 and CTCs > 1 were 79. 6% and 40. 4% respectively χ 2 = 18. 938 P<0. 001 . CTCs >1 suggested a poorer prognosis for cervical cancer patients. The 3-year DFS of patients with PLR <130. 4 and PLR ≥130. 4 were 81. 6% and 48. 6% respectively χ 2 = 18. 938 P<0. 001 . In addition Kaplan-Meier curves showed that CTCs combined with PLR further improved the prognostic stratification for cervical cancer patients with FIGO IB-IIA stage. The 3-year DFS of patients with CTCs ≤1 and PLR <130. 4 CTCs >1 or PLR ≥130. 4 as well as CTCs >1 and PLR ≥130. 4 were 89. 4% 64. 1% and 16. 8% respectively. There were significant survival differences between the research groups 89. 4% vs 16. 8% χ 2 = 33. 083 P<0. 001 89. 4% vs 64. 1% χ 2 = 5. 779 P= 0. 016 64. 1% vs 16. 8% χ 2 = 12. 154 P<0. 001 . ·474· 肿瘤代谢与营养电子杂志 2022 年 8 月 9 日第 9 卷第 4 期 Electron J Metab Nutr Cancer, Aug. 9, 2022, Vol. 9, No. 4 The univariate and multivariate Cox survival analysis revealed that CTCs combined with PLR HR= 5. 732 95%CI = 1. 966—16. 713 P<0. 001 and FIGO stage HR = 2. 688 95%CI = 1. 272—5. 680 P = 0. 010 were independent predictors of poor DFS for cervical cancer patients. Conclusion CTCs count in the peripheral blood is a valuable prognostic marker for cervical cancer patients and CTCs combined with PLR might be helpful to further identify patients at high risk and provide key clinical guidance for recurrence monitoring and individualized management.
2022 Vol. 9 (4): 474-480 [Abstract] ( 253 ) HTML PDF (2372 KB)  ( 148 )
481 Correlation between serum carnitine and sarcopenia and nutrition status in colorectal cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy
Yue Yaling,Jiang Liqiang, Tian Sui, Liu Zheng
Objective To investigate the correlation between serum carnitine levels and sarcopenia and nutritional status in colorectal cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Method A total of 84 patients with colorectal cancer radiotherapy who were treated in our hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were selected as the case group including 42 cases with serum carnitine level ≥39. 77 μmol/ L high level group and serum carnitine level was lower than 39. 77 μmol / L are 42 cases low level group . and 61 cases of healthy subjects during the same period were selected as the control group. Serum free carnitine levels were determined by enzyme cycle method and serum free carnitine levels in the case group and control group were analyzed. The nutritional status and muscle status of the two groups in the case group were analyzed Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between serum carnitine levels and sarcopenia and nutritional status in colorectal cancer radiotherapy patients. Result The serum free carnitine level in the case group was significantly lower than that in the control group P<0. 05 . In the case group the serum carnitine levels walking speed hand grip strength prealbumin femoral neck BMD hemoglobin Hb albumin ALB total protein TP skeletal muscle index SMI and lean body tissue index LTI were significantly different P<0. 05 Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum carnitine levels were significantly associated with SMI r = 0. 676 femoral neck BMD r = 0. 544 walking speed r = 0. 560 hand grip strength r = 0. 609 LTI r = 0. 411 TP r = 0. 532 prealbumin r = 0. 532 ALB r = 0. 623 and Hb r = 0. 376 were positively correlated P<0. 05 . Conclusion The serum carnitine level is highly expressed in patients with colorectal cancer radiotherapy which can be used as a serum marker for sarcopenia and nutritional status in patients with colorectal cancer radiotherapy.
2022 Vol. 9 (4): 481-486 [Abstract] ( 205 ) HTML PDF (2056 KB)  ( 171 )
487 Bibliometric analysis of vitamins and depression
Objective To know the status quo of research on vitamins and depression. Method The precise search was conducted in the Web of Science Database and the target literature assemblies of researches on "vitamins" and "depression" were identified. Use the database online analysis tool and NoteExpress software analysis module to carry out general quantitative analysis and use CiteSpace software to carry out network clustering co-occurrence analysis. A systematic review was carried out against the closely related highquality literature combining the results of the bibliometric analysis. Result The search finally yielded 2817 articles which were mainly published in the journals of nutrition and psychiatry and there was 3 timepoint with relatively significant growth. The literature from the USA and Europe accounted for the vast majority. Nine of the top 20 most-cited articles were from the USA 45% while the most prolific authors and high -frequency citations came from Australia and European countries. Keywords such as vitamin D oxidative stress vitamin B12 folic acid vitamin E vitamin A and meta-analysis have received much attention the research frontier includes biomarkers gut microbiota serotonin systematic review etc. Most - cited citations 7 / 20 frontier citations 9 / 14 highest intensity citations 13 / 20 and longest duration citations 18 / 22 are studies on vitamin D and mental health depression-like . The keyword time-zone shows a wave of high-frequency words emerging around 2012 including " stress" "inflammation" " serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D " " vitamin D supplementation " and "C-reactive protein". The citation time-zone shows three-wave gatherings emerging with the last one being denser while the citation clustering timeline shows a distinct temporal trend for different clusters. Conclusion Research on vitamins and depression underwent a paradigm shift in 2013 with vitamin D and oxidative stress dominating the field gut microbiota serotonin biomarker and systematic review being research frontiers. Research is unevenly distributed regionally with the USA leading the way however the most prolific and influential authors and literature are from Australia and Europe countries. Meta-analysis and systematic review are still trusted by researchers.
2022 Vol. 9 (4): 487-495 [Abstract] ( 239 ) HTML PDF (1355 KB)  ( 385 )
496 Effect evaluation of nutrition management during radiotherapy and chemotherapy for esophageal cancer in multiple disciplinary team by the nutrition management system
1Gu Siyang, 1Chen Zhiming, 2 Ji Dongliang, 1Qian Yan
Objective To explore the application value of nutrition management during radiotherapy and chemotherapy for esophageal cancer in multiple disciplinary team by the nutrition management system. Method Between January and December 2020 101 patients with esophageal cancer in the Department of Radiotherapy at Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University were selected. They were randomly divided into control group with 50 patients and intervention group with 51 patients according to the random number method. The control group was given conventional treatment and nursing. The study group established a nurse - led multiple disciplinary team based on the nutrition management system built 􀆵Admission assessment—results evaluation—nutrition intervention—treatment monitoring—nutrition tracking nutrition management process. Clinical nutritional indicators Clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups and cost-effectiveness ratio was conducted. Result The changes of lymphocyte count total protein albumin prealbumin in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group P<0. 05 . The incidence of radiation-related complications in the intervention group was significantly lower than those in the control group P<0. 05 . FACT-G score in the intervention group was significantly higher than those in the control group P<0. 05 ECOG score in the intervention group was significantly lower than those in the control group P<0. 05 . The hospitalization expenses per capita in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group P<0. 05 . C/ E of clinical response rate were 262. 7 and 498. 6 and C/ E of functional assessment were 245. 5 and 353. 9 in 2 groups C/ E in the intervention group ware lower than those in the control group. Conclusion Nutrition management during radiotherapy and chemotherapy for esophageal cancer in multiple disciplinary team by the nutrition management system can significantly improve the patient􀆳s nutritional status and quality of life reduce the hospitalization expenses decrease the incidence of related complications. It has good cost-effectiveness ratio and economic value.
2022 Vol. 9 (4): 496-501 [Abstract] ( 237 ) HTML PDF (828 KB)  ( 137 )
502 Effects of vitamin B2 combined with Kangfuxin Solution on oral mucositis and nutritional status of patients with head and neck cancer after radiotherapy
Yin Qiujie,Tang Yuanyuan, Wang Ji, Hua Yuchen
Objective To analyze the effects of vitamin B2 combined with Kangfuxin Solution on oral mucositis and nutritional status of patients with head and neck cancer after radiotherapy. Method A total of 108 patients with head and neck cancer diagnosis into our hospital from January 2020 to January 2022 were prospectively enrolled. They were all treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy the total treatment dose was 60 ~ 74 Gy once a day five times a week for 6 ~ 7 weeks It can be combined with chemotherapy at the same time. All patients had oral mucositis then they were randomly divided into control group and observation group with 54 cases in each group. The control group only took vitamin B2 orally and the observation group combined with vitamin B2 and Kangfuxin solution. The severity of oral mucositis grade Ⅲ/ Ⅳ was assessed according to the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group RTOG standard the degree of pain was assessed by visual analogue scale VAS . Nutritional indicators included weight loss body mass index BMI loss albumin loss prealbumin loss hemoglobin loss and total lymphocyte count loss as well as Patient Generated – Subjective Global Assessment PG-SGA score adverse reactions included dry mouth nausea and vomiting thrombocytopenia neutropenia neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Result The incidence of grade Ⅲ/ Ⅳ oral mucositis in the observation group was significantly lower than that in control group the disappearance time of oral mucositis was shorter than control group too P < 0. 05 . The pain VAS scores of the two groups at 2h 4hand 6h after treatment were lower than before treatment and they in the observation group was furtherly less than control group P < 0. 05 . The weight loss and BMI loss at 4 and 7 weeks after treatment albumin loss at 7 weeks after treatment in the observation group were significantly lower than those in control group P < 0. 05 . The PG-SGA score of the observation group 7 weeks after treatment showed that the nutritional status was better than control group P < 0. 05 . There was no difference of the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups P > 0. 05 . Conclusion Vitamin B2 combined with Kangfuxin Solution can greatly improve the oral mucositis and nutritional status of patients with head and neck cancer after radiotherapy reduce pain which has a good clinical value.
2022 Vol. 9 (4): 502-506 [Abstract] ( 334 ) HTML PDF (825 KB)  ( 218 )
507 The cause of cholesterol gallstones from the perspective of molecular biology
1Zhang Pengyun, 1Xu Pengyuan, 1 Sun Yanbo, 2 Li Xiufen
Gallstones are one of the most common digestive system diseases and the prevalence of cholesterol stones is increasing year by year with people's lifestyle changes. The study of gallstones has gone deep into molecular biology. Research progress has been made in many aspects such as genetic inheritance epigenetics and cell signal transduction and it has become a current research hotspot. In this paper the origin of cholesterol gallstones is introduced in detail from the main lines of replication transcription and translation. Introduced from genetic inheritance the substitution of bases in the process of ABCG5 / G8 gene replication finally affects the translation of cholesterol transporter and finally affects the secretion of bile cholesterol. Insertion mutations in the ABCB4 gene have an effect on the translation of bile salt transporter and bile salt secretion. Epigenetics is mainly reflected in the influence of various microRNAs on the translation process. And the influence of various molecular signals in signal transduction on the translation process. The motor function of the gallbladder is an important reason for lithogenesis and genes such as the Cckar gene were found to regulate the movement of the gallbladder. In this paper the main lithogenic factors and mechanisms in genetic inheritance epigenetics and cell signal transduction will be expounded and the causes of cholesterol gallstones will be systematically expounded from the perspective of molecular biology.
2022 Vol. 9 (4): 507-511 [Abstract] ( 260 ) HTML PDF (1672 KB)  ( 272 )
512 Design and practice of digital nutrition monitoring system for athletes
Song Fei, Hu Huanyu, Wang Haiyue, Xie Ying, Li Zengning, Luo Bin
Proper dietary nutrition plays a pivotal role in achieving the best sports training effect the best athletic ability the best competition performance and maintaining the good health of athletes. As athletes coaches and sports team leaders generally have insufficient nutritional knowledge insufficient understanding of the importance of balanced diet to improve training level blindly promoting high protein diet ignoring the importance of other nutrients and the lack of relevant professionals to provide reasonable dietary and nutritional guidance to athletes which leads to unbalanced nutritional intake even weight physical fitness and athletic ability of athletes. This can lead to unbalanced nutritional intake even weight physical fitness and athletic ability which makes it difficult to improve the training level and even leads to sports injuries. The main goal of the design of digital nutrition monitoring system for athletes is to overcome the weaknesses of traditional nutrition monitoring improve the accuracy and timeliness of athletes􀆳 nutrition monitoring solve the common problems of unscientific diet and nutrition of athletes especially the dietary and nutrition problems that affect training effect and athletic ability caused by the lack of dietary and nutrition knowledge of athletes coaches and sports team managers and overcome the problems of using traditional dietary survey method for nutrition monitoring. It also overcomes the weaknesses of nutrition monitoring by traditional dietary survey methods and greatly improves the efficiency of sports team nutritionists researchers and managers.
2022 Vol. 9 (4): 512-516 [Abstract] ( 216 ) HTML PDF (8340 KB)  ( 9 )
517 Research progress on the mechanism and function of protein lactylation modification
1Wang Anqi,2 Yang Li,3Zhao Le, 4 Li Min, 3Zhou Xin
Lactate the byproduct of glycolysis has long been considered as a waste metabolite. The discovery of Warburg effect in cancer cells brought our attention back to lactate and inspired us to uncover the crucial roles of lactate in serving as fuel acting as a signal molecule promoting angiogenesis and suppressing immune cells. However the mechanism regarding how lactate regulates these biological processes remains elusive. As we known thousands of metabolites will be produced during life activities. They are not only the products catalyzed by proteins enzymes but also can in turn affect the function of proteins through covalent modification. In 2019 and 2020 lactate was reported to be the substrate of lactylation by two independent studies and this novel post-translational modification revealed another layer of molecular mechanism by which lactate regulates cellular activities. In this review we briefly describe the discovery of lactylation and we summarize the recent advances with respect to the potential 􀆵writer and 􀆵eraser of lactylation the profiling of protein lactylation in a variety of organisms and the regulatory roles of lactylation in diverse physiological and pathological processes. Key questions and potential implications for future studies on lactylation are also discussed.
2022 Vol. 9 (4): 517-523 [Abstract] ( 808 ) HTML PDF (1824 KB)  ( 1585 )
524 Application of immunonutrition in radiotherapy and chemotherapy of digestive tract malignant tumor
Huang Yong,Xie Ming, Wang Jiwei
In China the morbidity and mortality of digestive tract malignant tumors are always at a high level and surgery radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the main treatment methods. Studies have found that 50%-70% of patients with digestive tract malignant tumors are at risk of malnutrition due to the body􀆳s high metabolism and stress response. The risk of malnutrition increases especially in older patients undergoing surgery or chemotherapy. Anorexia nausea vomiting and absorption disorders caused by radiotherapy and chemotherapy easily lead to weight loss and malnutrition risk or malnutrition of patients increase the occurrence of adverse reactions to radiotherapy and chemotherapy resulting in reduced efficacy or even treatment interruption thus affecting the quality of life and prognosis of patients. Therefore nutritional therapy is very important for tumor patients with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In recent years immunonutrients have been widely used in the nutrition of patients with digestive tract malignant tumors and have become a developing direction of tumor nutrition therapy. The immune nutrition helps to improve the immune function in patients with digestive tract malignant tumor radiation and chemotherapy and inflammation levels enhance the sensitivity and tolerability of radiation and chemotherapy patients improve chemotherapy treatment improve the patients life quality prolong the survival period etc. but the immune effect of nutrition in the digestive tract malignant tumor radiation and chemotherapy patients reported is differ still to be further study. In this paper the research status of immunonutrition in patients with gastrointestinal malignancy was reviewed in order to explore the ideal therapeutic strategy of immunonutrition for patients with gastrointestinal malignancy and provide potential reference value for improving patients' quality of life and disease outcome in the future.
2022 Vol. 9 (4): 524-529 [Abstract] ( 240 ) HTML PDF (2758 KB)  ( 263 )
530 Progress in the study of the relationship between fatty acid metabolism and chemotherapy resistance in glioblastoma
Xu Linzong, Sun Xiaolin, Zhang Zhanyu, Li Xiaomei
Cancer cells undergo significant changes in metabolic patterns during carcinogenesis involving many aspects of sugar lipid amino acid and nucleic acid metabolism. It is the abnormal activation and reprogramming of these important metabolic pathways that endow cancer cells with unlimited proliferative potential and malignant biological features. Metabolic reprogramming in glioblastoma is also one of the distinctive features of tumorigenesis in which fatty acid metabolism also plays an important role in energy storage cell proliferation synthesis of important signaling molecules and chemoresistance. The treatment of glioblastoma still faces great challenges and resistance to the standard therapeutic agent temozolomide is one of the treatment difficulties. Chemoresistant glioblastoma cells exhibit more active levels of fatty acid metabolism compared to primary glioblastoma cells. Alterations in intra- and extracellular metabolites that accompany cancer-associated metabolic reprogramming have profound effects on gene expression cellular differentiation and tumor microenvironment. Chemoresistant glioblastoma cells have upregulated key enzymes and regulators of fatty acid metabolism with enhanced exogenous uptake de novo synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids providing major energy support for cells during therapeutic stress. Therefore targeting glioblastoma fatty acid metabolic pathways may be a new strategy to overcome chemoresistance in glioblastoma.
2022 Vol. 9 (4): 530-535 [Abstract] ( 210 ) HTML PDF (1076 KB)  ( 305 )
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