恶性肠梗阻营养通路的选择

doi:10.16689/j.cnki.cn11-9349/r.2020.03.005

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摘要恶性肠梗阻（MBO）是恶性肿瘤常见的并发症之一，特别在晚期肿瘤患者的发病率高，严重影响患者的营养摄入，导致营养不良的发生或加重，降低生活质量，缩短生存时间。恶性肿瘤因其在生长的过程中代谢旺盛，极易引起机体营养不良，当患者出现肠梗阻时，营养不良、恶液质的发生率和程度显著增加。营养不良已经成为MBO患者死亡的重要原因之一。MBO患者的营养治疗是MBO治疗的关键环节，及时有效的营养治疗能维持MBO患者的营养状态，改善营养不良，提高各种治疗的耐受性及有效性。而选择恰当的营养通路是成功实施营养治疗的基本保证，尤其对于营养不良和存在营养风险的MBO患者意义重大。对于MBO患者营养通路选择，目前仍存在不少争议。MBO患者的营养通路选择需根据患者梗阻部位、治疗方式、并发症风险及预计生存期等情况，权衡利弊后进行合理选择。本文主要对MBO患者各种常见的营养治疗通路进行总结，旨在为MBO患者选择安全、有效的营养通路提供参考依据。

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	张勇胜
	刘硒碲
	陈俊强

Abstract：Malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) is one of the complications in tumor and have high rates in advanced tumors, which affected nutrients intake and leads to the occurrence or exacerbation of malnutrition. This may lower the quality of life and shorten the time of survival. Tumors metabolize vigorously during growth and it is highly susceptible to malnutrition, which may be significant increase and end with cachexia when the patient develop to intestinalobstruction. Malnutrition has become one of the leading causes of death in MBO patient. Nutritional therapy in MBO patients is the key in the treatment of MBO, timely and effective nutritional therapy can maintain the nutritional status and improve malnutrition, improve tolerance and effectiveness of various treatments. The selection of appropriate nutrition route is the basic guarantee for successful implementation of nutritional therapy, especially for patients with malnutrition and at nutritional risk. There is still controversy in nutrition route for MBO patients. We should choose individual nutrition route on the basis of the obstructive site, treatment, complication risks and estimated survival, et al. We summarizes the various common nutrition route in MBO patients, aiming to provide safe and effective nutrition route clinically.

基金资助:广西壮族自治区卫生健康委自筹课题（Z20190487）

通讯作者: 陈俊强，电子邮箱：nnhans@163.com

引用本文:

张勇胜，刘硒碲，陈俊强. 恶性肠梗阻营养通路的选择[J]. 肿瘤代谢与营养电子杂志, 2020, 7(3): 272-275.
Zhang Yongsheng, Liu Xidi, Chen Junqiang. Selection of nutrition route in malignant bowel obstruction. Electron J Metab Nutr Cancer, 2020, 7(3): 272-275.

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