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2014 Vol. 1, No. 3
Published:
 
1 Definition and diagnosis of sarcopenia
2014 Vol. 1 (3): 1-4 [Abstract] ( 226 ) HTML PDF (6996 KB)  ( 232 )
5 Medication therapy of sarcopenia
2014 Vol. 1 (3): 5-9 [Abstract] ( 182 ) HTML PDF (8943 KB)  ( 245 )
10 Protein supplementation for sarcopenic patients
2014 Vol. 1 (3): 10-13 [Abstract] ( 166 ) HTML PDF (8806 KB)  ( 302 )
14 Physical activity is one of the best ways for cancer prevention and treatment
2014 Vol. 1 (3): 14-17 [Abstract] ( 193 ) HTML PDF (6053 KB)  ( 241 )
18 Imatinib good news for diabetic patients?
2014 Vol. 1 (3): 18-22 [Abstract] ( 152 ) HTML PDF (11209 KB)  ( 203 )
23 ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cancer
2014 Vol. 1 (3): 23-26 [Abstract] ( 130 ) HTML PDF (8490 KB)  ( 245 )
27 Clinical pathway of diagnosis and treatment for malignant bowel obstruction
2014 Vol. 1 (3): 27-30 [Abstract] ( 169 ) HTML PDF (8672 KB)  ( 251 )
31 Sugar, dietary fiber and cancer
2014 Vol. 1 (3): 31-34 [Abstract] ( 212 ) HTML PDF (8313 KB)  ( 212 )
35 Down-regulation of Notch3 suppresses proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HCC-LM3
Abstract: Objective To explore the effects of Notch3 on apoptosis, cell clone formation and migration ability in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HCC-LM3. Methods Notch3 expression was detected by qRT-PCR in liver cancer cell line. Expression of Notch3 was downregulated by using small RNA interference technology in cell line HCC-LM3 and apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-FITC/PI double marking flow cytometry, while clone formation assay and transwell experiment were performed to detect cell clone forming and cell migration respectively in HCC-LM3. Results Interference of Notch3 expression in HCC-LM3 can promote HCC-LM3 cell apoptosis, inhibit cell clone formation and cell migration. Conclusions Over-expression of Notch3 may be related to tumor malignant transformation .
2014 Vol. 1 (3): 35-38 [Abstract] ( 252 ) HTML PDF (8152 KB)  ( 200 )
39 The study on the in vivo distribution and metabolism of albumin nanoparticles in the tumor-bearing nude mice
Abstract: Objective This study was designed to explore the preparation of bovine serum albumin nanoparticles and its application and metabolism in nude mice bearing human breast cancer cell line SK-BR3 in vivo. Methods The distribution and metabolism of albumin nanoparticles with the mark of 125I prepared by the method of phacoemulsification-chemical cross-linking were discussed in nude mice bearing human breast cancer cell line SK-BR3 in vivo. Results The average size of bovine serum albumin nanoparticles prepared is 34 nm, 90% of which is less than 38 nm. Bovine serum albumin nanoparticles and bovine serum albumin had obvious targeting at tumor, liver, stomach, intestinal and other organs, and the difference was significant (P<0.05), but less in brain with no obvious targeting. Conclusions Bovine serum albumin nanoparticles with such good targeting at tumor, liver,gastrointestinal organs may be an ideal carrier of drug deliver in central nervous system, which can be produced to be a higher targeting nanoparticles with further surface modification.
2014 Vol. 1 (3): 39-42 [Abstract] ( 259 ) HTML PDF (8293 KB)  ( 205 )
43 Randomized controlled study of different routes of enteral nutrition in critically ill cancer patients
Abstract: Objective To compare the clinical effect of post-pyloric feeding and gastric feeding in critically ill cancer patients and seek safe and effective way of nutrition and catheterization for critically ill patients. Methods The critically ill patients, needing to receive enteral nutrition，were randomly divided into post-pyloric feeding group and gastric feeding group, stomach tube was operated by a nurse following the routine, and the post-pyloric feeding tube was done by trained physicians or nurses. Results 54 cases of critically ill cancer patients were included in the study, 28 cases were in post-pyloric feeding group, 26 cases were in gastric feeding group. Success rate of catheterization in post-pyloric feeding group was 70%, average time of catheterization was 26.96 ± 9.86 minutes. The baseline data (age structure, sex ratio, APCHE II score) of two groups had no statistical difference. Time to reach target feeds in days was shorter in post-pyloric feeding group compared to gastric feeding group (5.39±1.65 vs 7.40±2.88, P<0.05). Incidence of aspiration was lower in post-pyloric feeding group compared to gastric feeding group (3.6% vs 23.6%, P=0.03). Intensive care unit length of stay has no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Incidence of pipeline blockage was higher in post-pyloric feeding group compared to gastric feeding group (32.1% vs 7.7%, P=0.026). Conclusions Post-pyloric feeding for critically ill patients can help to improve tolerance of enteral nutrition and reduce the incidence of aspiration; CORFLO feeding tube is convenient and efficient.
2014 Vol. 1 (3): 43-45 [Abstract] ( 183 ) HTML PDF (5920 KB)  ( 204 )
49 Evaluation methods of muscle function
Abstract: Objective Muscle is the basic foundation of daily physical activity in human. Sarcopenia characterized as low muscle mass, low muscle strength and low physical performance was originally defined as loss of muscle mass; however, recent definitions have incorporated other components such as muscle strength and physical performance. This review introduces the evaluation methods and indicators of physical performance and provides scientific evaluation methods for one of the diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia. Methods Using "physical performance" and "evaluation methods" to search the literatures in the CNKI and PubMed. Results This paper summarizes 7 simple evaluation methods of physical performance and analyzes the liability and validity of 6 among them. Conclusions There're many methods to evaluate the physical performance. Understanding and knowing well of the simple evaluation methods of physical performance is of great importance in clinical practice.
2014 Vol. 1 (3): 49-52 [Abstract] ( 169 ) HTML PDF (7484 KB)  ( 249 )
53 Molecular mechanisms of cancer cachexia
Abstract: Objective To summarize processes about molecular mechanisms for the tumor cachexia in recent years. Methods Applying the PubMed, the VIP and the CNKI, with "the malignant tumor, cachexia, skeletal muscle atrophy, the molecular mechanism, the ubiquitin proteasome pathway"as key words, for the retrieval of such literature in recent 10 years. Inclusion criteria: ①malignanttumor; ②cachexia; ③ubiquitin proteasome way; ④skeletal muscle atrophy, according to the standard income the references below. Results In the cachexia, the molecular mechanisms are more complex, mainly including the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, the regulation pathway of pro-inflammatory cytokines, neuroendocrine pathway and other ways. The study of ubiquitin proteasome pathway research is clear, with proteasomes participation like E1, E2, E3; The regulation pathway of pro-inflammatory cytokines mainly includes the NF-κB pathway, P38β MAPK pathway and muscle inhibin/activin pathway; Neuroendocrine way is mainly glucocorticoids effect, with inhibiting protein synthesis by cutting mTOR, damaging the starting phase of the messenger RNA translation which influences on the protein synthesis and involves the Akt pathway. Conclusions There is correlation among the regulating mechanisms, including with the association of E3 enzymes the most. At the same time, study of the molecular mechanisms of the concrete in the regulation and control and the other way is on the way and the relationships among them may be the breakthrough points.
2014 Vol. 1 (3): 53-55 [Abstract] ( 215 ) HTML PDF (6260 KB)  ( 225 )
56 Lipid-mobilizing factor/Zn-α2-glycoprotein in cancer cachexia
Abstract: Objective To summarize the function of lipid-mobilizing factor/Zn-α2-glycoprotein in cancer cachexia. Methods The related literatures were reviewed. Results LMF/ZAG can stimulate fat mobilization and triglyceride hydrolysis in adipose tissue directly via GTP dependent cAMP pathway, and accelerate the consumption and oxidation of white adipose tissue, thus playing a vital role in lipid metabolism and energy balance in cancer cachexia. Meanwhile the changes of lipid metabolism induced by LMF/ZAG and their metabolic products have an important influence on the whole body protein and glucose metabolism. Conclusions LMF/ZAG acts as the key factor of fat consumption and plays an important role in the whole material metabolic disorders in cancer cachexia.
2014 Vol. 1 (3): 56-60 [Abstract] ( 155 ) HTML PDF (10996 KB)  ( 207 )
61 Akt signaling pathway in the regulation of glucose metabolism in cancer cells
Abstract: Objective Warburg observed that rapid growing tumor cells manifest an increase in glucose uptake, an enhancement of glycolytic capacity and a high lactate production, along with the absence of respiration despite the presence of high oxygen concentration, a phenomenon known as the ''Warburg effect''. This paper outlined Akt's family members, protein structure and cellular functions, but mainly focused on its physiological functions in the regulation of glucose uptake and metabolism in mitochondria, addressed the metabolic phenotypes of tumor and proliferating normal cells and the role of Akt in the glucose metabolism of cancer cells. Methods Using Akt, cancer and glucose as key words, we searched, reviewed the literatures in pubmed and recruited related data. Results Akt, a key effector downstream of insulin and growth factor receptor signaling networks and one of the most common alterations detected in spontaneous human tumors, profoundly involved in the regulation of cell survival, cell growth, cell metabolism and oncogenesis.Conclusions Akt plays an important role in cancer cell metabolic adaptations and oncogene-directed metabolic reprogramming required for supporting an anabolic tumor growth. Altered Akt activation may lead to enhanced glucose uptake and glycolysis in tumor cells. Growth factor receptor signaling pathways, such as Akt signaling pathway, and certain transcription factor networks participate in a major reorganization of metabolic activities into a platform that support the bioenergetics and biosynthetic demands of a proliferating tumor cell to duplicate itself, and to survive fluctuations in external nutrient and oxygen availability during tumor growth.
2014 Vol. 1 (3): 61-69 [Abstract] ( 336 ) HTML PDF (14684 KB)  ( 238 )
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