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| Circadian rhythm and cancer |
| YANG Liu-qing, SHI Han-ping |
| Department of Clinical Nutrition/Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China |
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Abstract Circadian rhythm, regulated by clock control genes, is a sort of biological rhythm system which possess selfregulating function and accompany with day and night repeat on a near 24-hour basis. Circadian clock genes can control and regulate sleep, wake up, metabolism, endocrine, immune, cell proliferation and apoptosis in the molecular level, to make vital movement in tissues and cells cooperatively and orderly, as well as present distinct circadian rhythms. Organism lost regulating effect on cell growth in genetic level is the primary cause of cancer. The relationship between circadian rhythms and cancer is taken seriously recently. Epidemiologic studies in humans and animal models have revealed that development of common types of cancer such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, non-hodgkin's lymphoma, osteosarcoma, leukemia, head and neck squamous carcinoma and liver cancer in vivo is closely associated with the loss of circadian homeostasis. Circadian clock genes can directly or indirectly affect oncogenesis, cancer progression, and suppression by regulate expression of tumor suppressor gene and oncogene and transcription factor. Further study on molecular mechanism between circadian rhythm and cancer development and suppression is necessary. To illustrate the relationship between circadian clock genes and cell cycle will help us understand the mechanism of tumorigenesis, transfer and spread, which will improve the clinical outcome, and provide important basis on clinical cancer diagnose, treatment and prognosis.
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