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| Interplay between chromatin modifications and metabolism in cancer |
| XIANG Ying, XIONG Jie, LI Feng |
| School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei,China |
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Abstract The expression levels of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are altered significantly by epigenetic changes in cancer cells. In addition, tumor cells are associated with metabolic reprogramming events such as increased glucose consumption, decreased oxidative phosphorylation, and large amounts of lactic acid production, providing more intermediate metabolites for biosynthesis and rebalancing the redox state of tumor cells. Both epigenetic and metabolic changes are distinct hallmarks of cancer. Along with the research,it now become evident that there is an important bidirectional regulatory mechanism between cancer metabolism and epigenetics （mainly refer to chromatin modifications）. Metabolic reprogramming may affect the availability of cofactors required for normal function of epigenetic enzymes, and the oncometabolites probably act as agonists and/or antagonists of these enzymes, therefore affecting the epigenetic landscape. Moreover, chromatin modifications are able to directly regulate the expression of metabolic enzymes or change the signal transduction cascade involved in cell metabolism. Thus, epigenetic-metabolomic interplay plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis by sustaining cell proliferation, metastasis and pluripotency. Here, we summarized the mechanisms underlying mutual regulation of chromatin modifications and metabolism in cancer by reviewing the recent research progress, to explain their potential role in tumorigenesis, and provided new strategies for the development of therapies targeting epigenetic modifications and metabolism in cancer.
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