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| Advances in intestinal microecology and gastrointestinal cancer |
| ZHU Ya-ping, GUO Heng-zhao |
Department of Oncology, Zhuhai Peoples Hospital（Zhuhai hospital affiliated with Jinan University）, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China |
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Abstract The human microecosystem exists in the gastrointestinal tract, oral cavity, urogenital tract, respiratory tract, skin, and other parts of bodies, which is the most important and complex in the intestine. Intestinal microecology is involved in the development of the body, immune regulation, endocrine metabolism and other functions, and also affected by age, diet, antibiotics, psychological pressure, stress and other factors. The imbalance of intestinal microecology may cause many diseases, including skin diseases, obesity, infectious diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and autoimmune diseases. With the development of intestinal microecology and gastrointestinal diseases, more and more scholars have found that the development of gastrointestinal tumors are significantly related to intestinal flora imbalance. The imbalance of intestinal flora directly or indirectly affects the development of tumor through the direct contact between microorganism and tumor, the regulation of body immunity, the production of bacterial metabolites and other mechanisms. Additionally, recent studies showed that intestinal microecology is closely related to the efficacy of various immunosuppressive checkpoint inhibitors, such as anti-programmed cell death protein-1 antibody, anti-programmed cell death protein ligand-1 antibody and anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4 antibody, which may be a potential biomarker to predict the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. The paper summarizes the function of intestinal microecology and its role in the development of gastrointestinal cancer, hoping to provide reference for the future research focus and development direction.
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