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Abstract There is a significant difference in survival between IIIa (N2) stage NSCLC， and the choice of treatment methods is controversial. It is a heterogeneous group that requires multidisciplinary treatment. Surgery has evolved from the most important treatment to one of the main treatments. The future status may be further weakened； radiotherapy will play a more important role as the technical level progresses； the combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy should receive more attention. The mechanism needs to be further elucidated； the application of targeted therapy and immunological checkpoint inhibitors in this type of patient deserves further study. Interaction between tumor cells and the host immune system in tumor immune microenvironment， through mutual role in the immune microenvironment immune escape and cause the recurrence and metastasis of tumors， the current through PD way antitumor immune therapy such as products have been applied to clinical and obtained certain achievements， the treatment principle mainly relies on the infiltrating into the tumors and the tumor microenvironment effect the function of T cells. According to the infiltration of immune cells around tumor cells (mainly T cells， etc.)， relevant studies have established the classification of new immunophenotypes， providing ideas and directions for the treatment and prognosis of patients， and the immune microenvironment is worth further discussion. Immunotherapy has become a new important treatment method after the traditional treatment methods such as surgery， radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
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