老年患者快速康复6字法则

doi:10.16689/j.cnki.cn11-9349/r.2019.03.001

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摘要我国是老龄化国家，老龄阶段是人生疾病高发时期。由于多种器官生理功能下降，老年患者对疾病的耐受力、对治疗的反应性降低，如何促进老年患者的快速康复是临床医疗的重大问题。促进老年患者快速康复的措施众多，内容广泛，笔者根据多年的临床工作经验总结出促进老年患者快速康复的6大主要措施：即呼吸功能锻炼、持续吸氧、体能锻炼、确保睡眠、控制液体输入量、营养治疗，并将上述6大措施提炼为便于记忆的“吹、吸、动、静、控、养”6字法则。尽管提高手术等应激耐受力、增强体能是一个日积月累的长期过程，但是研究发现手术前短时间内进行预康复、围术期接受加速康复治疗可显著降低并发症，提高治疗效果。需要说明的是，上述6大措施不仅仅适用于老年患者，也适用于其他年龄患者；不仅仅适用于手术患者，也适用于非手术患者。

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	于恺英
	张骁玮
	潘磊
	石汉平

关键词 ：老年患者, 快速康复, 预康复

Abstract：China is an aging society, whose elderly population is facing a high incidence of disease. Geriatric patients have decreased tolerance of illness and response to treatment due to the physiological decline accompany with aging. Therefore, it is ofgreat importance to enhance geriatric patients’ recovery in clinical practice. Enhancing recovery could be implied via various methods. Herein, the authors present, based on their clinical experience, six aspects that assist a patient’s rapid rehabilitation, including exercising respiratory function, continuous oxygen inhalation, rising physical activity, assuring sleep quality, limiting the volume of IV infusion, and nutrition therapy. In short, the six-word rule comprises “breathing, oxygenation, exercise, sleep, IV input-control, nutrition”. Despite building up the tolerance to stress and enhancing physical strength require a long-term effort, studies revealed that pre-rehabilitation before surgery or ERAS care during the perioperative period could significantly lower the complication rate and improve the treatment outcome. The six-word rule introduced in the current paper applies but not limited to geriatric patients and patients with or without surgical operation.

Key words： Geriatric patients Enhanced recovery Pre-rehabilitation

基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC1309200）；北京市重点公关项目（SCW2018-06）；中国食品科学技术学会食品科技基金（2017-02）；2019年医疗服务与保障能力提升（医疗卫生机构能力建设）（z155080000004）

通讯作者: 通讯作者：石汉平，电子邮箱：shihp@ccmu.edu.cn

引用本文:

于恺英，张骁玮，潘磊，石汉平. 老年患者快速康复6字法则[J]. 肿瘤代谢与营养电子杂志, 2019, 6(3): 273-276.
YU Kai-ying, ZHANG Xiao-wei, PAN Lei， SHI Han-ping. The six-word rule of enhanced recovery for geriatric patients. Electron J Metab Nutr Cancer, 2019, 6(3): 273-276.

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