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| Breakfast: to eat or to skip? |
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Abstract Objective As more people choose to skip breakfast, this study is to evaluate the impact of breakfast skipping (BS)
on human health. Methods We collected and analyzed the results from observational studies, RCT studies, meta analysis and other
reviews. Results These studies indicated that BS is associated with high risk of type 2 diabetes, high cardiometabolic risk factors,
bone mass loss, and dysmenorrhea in young women. It worsens cognitive outcomes in malnourished children and adolescence. Some
evidence established a link between obesity and BS, but some authors argued that the proposed effect of BS on obesity has not yet to
establish a causal relationship. In the studies we reviewed, the duration of overnight fasting is rarely specifed. Including this factor in
the studies might result in different conclusions. Conclusions We would suggest that breakfast is as important as other meals of the
day. Well-designed epidemiological studies are needed before we can reach further conclusions.
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2015, Vol. 2 
