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| Advances of the expression of PD⁃1/PD⁃L1 in peripheral blood in breast cancer |
| 1Yuan Keyu，2Song Qingkun，1Lyu Shuzhen，1Li Yanping |
| 1Department of Breast Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China; 2Department of Clinical Ep?
idemiology and Evidence?based Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China |
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Abstract Atezolizumab was approved to be applied to treating patients with inoperable triple⁃negative breast malignant
tumor which was assured to be PD⁃L1 positive by tissue biopsy. Generally, the expression of PD⁃1/PD⁃L1 in the tissue
microenvironment is used as an indication of whether to use this inhibitor in clinical practice. A number of clinical studies have
shown that the expression of PD⁃1/PD⁃L1 can imply the tumor staging, prognosis, and reflect the immune status of the
individual, as well as the sensitivity and efficacy of the immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, tissue biopsy can′t monitor the
dynamic change of the expression of immune checkpoint molecules to Adjust clinical medication relevantly. As a result the use
of other forms of PD⁃1/PD⁃L1 detection in peripheral blood as an alternative to histopathological examination has become a
research focus. This article will briefly review the current detection methods of PD⁃1 and PD⁃L1 in the peripheral blood in
patients with breast tumors, including plasma soluble PD⁃1/PD⁃L1 (sPD⁃1/sPD⁃L1); exosomal PD⁃1/PD⁃L1; circulating tumor
cells PD⁃1/PD⁃L1 and circulating lymphocytes PD⁃1/PD⁃L1, point out the prospect and challenge in breast cancer in this field
and provide new directions for new clinical PD⁃1/PD⁃L1 detection methods.
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Received: 15 February 2021
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