Research progress of microbiome technology in tumor diagnosis
1Li Sheng, 2Duan Yunfeng, 1Zhao Jun
1Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department I of Thoracic Oncology, Peking
University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China; 2Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Abstract：Humans are exposed to a wide range of microorganisms at birth, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, archaea, protozoa,
and helminths. Preclinical and clinical evidence has linked the microbiota and its metabolites to tumor initiation, promotion, and
progression. The conventional concept is that organismal microbial homeostasis is positively correlated with health, while microbial
diversity or dysfunction promotes the development of diseases, including various types of cancer. Causes of dysbacteriosis include
changes in genetics, environment (e.g., inflammation, drugs, diet), or pathogenic infections. However, it remains controversial whether
microbial imbalance is a cause or a consequence of tumor development. Therefore, the interrogation of the role of microorganisms
in tumors requires a holistic perspective. In this review, we describe the composition of cancer microbiome, progress methods of
microbial detection and their role in cancer diagnosis, and provide an outlook on future research on cancer microbiome.
