Research progress on nutritional status and prognosis of immunotherapy in patients with malignant tumors
1Lu Siyi,2Luo Liqiong
1First Clinical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430064 Hubei China
2Department of Oncology Tianyou
Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430064 Hubei China
Abstract：Nutritional and metabolic status demonstrates dynamic interplay with immune function status and immunotherapy efficacy
including treatment - related toxicity tolerance in cancer patients and shows significant correlation with immunotherapy
prognosis. Macroscopically tumor-associated metabolic disorders encompassing host anti-tumor stress responses and cancer-derived
metabolic abnormalities trigger protein - energy wasting imbalance accompanied by reduced dietary intake and activity restriction
leading to progressive malnutrition or even cachexia which further diminishes immunotherapy response rates and treatment
tolerance. Microscopically the nutrient - deprived hypoxic and acidotic tumor microenvironment disrupts immune cell metabolic
reprogramming thereby suppressing their antitumor efficacy and establishing a vicious cycle of immune escape. Nutritional assessment
constitutes a crucial component of baseline evaluation prior to cancer immunotherapy enabling clinicians to better identify beneficiaries
from immunotherapy and formulate personalized treatment strategies. Consequently prognostic indicators integrating nutritional and
immune parameters e. g. prognostic nutritional index geriatric nutritional risk index have emerged as potential biomarkers for
predicting immunotherapy outcomes. This review synthesizes current understanding of cancer-associated metabolic characteristics their
immunomodulatory impacts and advances in nutritional biomarkers for immunotherapy prognosis prediction aiming to provide clinical
reference value.
1鲁思怡,2罗利琼. 营养状态与恶性肿瘤患者免疫治疗预后的研究进展[J]. 肿瘤代谢与营养电子杂志, 2025, 12(4): 492-497.
1Lu Siyi,2Luo Liqiong. Research progress on nutritional status and prognosis of immunotherapy in patients with malignant tumors. Electron J Metab Nutr Cancer, 2025, 12(4): 492-497.
